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223322p: 金幣+200, 基金HEPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案, xiexie 2017-02-19 18:07:02
223322p: 金幣+200, 基金HEPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案, xiexie 2017-02-19 18:07:02
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申請書摘要 國家食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局于2004年明文規(guī)定，經(jīng)硫磺熏蒸的藥材按劣藥處理。然而由于缺少詳細(xì)的科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)，作為傳統(tǒng)藥材和飲片的加工方法，硫磺熏蒸在藥材和飲片加工領(lǐng)域仍被廣泛使用。本研究基于硫磺熏蒸中藥材和飲片可能在成分、藥效和毒性上發(fā)生變化，選取7種具有代表性的中藥材和飲片（不同的化學(xué)類型和生物活性）- - -金銀花（環(huán)烯醚萜，抗菌）、白芍（單萜苷，抗炎、鎮(zhèn)痛）、貝母（生物堿，止咳）、人參（皂苷，免疫調(diào)節(jié)）、白芷（香豆素，止咳）、菊花（黃酮，抗氧化）、當(dāng)歸（苯酞，活血化瘀），運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代色譜分析技術(shù)，結(jié)合藥理和毒理方法，開展硫磺熏蒸前后中藥材和飲片成分、藥效和毒性的比較研究，探討中藥材和飲片經(jīng)硫磺熏蒸后成分、藥效和毒性的變化規(guī)律，建立硫磺熏蒸中藥材和飲片的快速檢測技術(shù)。本研究可客觀地評價硫磺熏蒸中藥材和飲片的優(yōu)劣，保證臨床用藥的安全、有效，同時為執(zhí)法部門制定中藥材及飲片加工的相關(guān)法規(guī)提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 申請書主題詞 硫磺熏蒸，中藥材和飲片，快速檢測，安全性評價 結(jié)題中文摘要 本課題系統(tǒng)考察了硫磺熏蒸對白芍和白芷化學(xué)成分、藥效、毒性及無機(jī)元素等各個方面的影響。通過對硫熏前后藥材的HPLC、HPLC-MS定性分析和HPLC定量分析，結(jié)果表明硫熏使白芍和白芷的主要化學(xué)成分發(fā)生了質(zhì)和量的改變，并產(chǎn)生了新的化學(xué)成分。采用ICP-AES分析方法測定了硫熏前后白芍和白芷中有害重金屬、硫及主要微量元素，結(jié)果顯示硫熏導(dǎo)致其中殘留大量的硫，并引起As、Hg、Pb等重金屬殘留，同時會改變某些微量元素的含量。采用紅外光譜法建立了硫熏藥材的快速檢測技術(shù)。通過抗炎和鎮(zhèn)痛實(shí)驗(yàn)考察了硫熏對白芍和白芷的藥效學(xué)影響，結(jié)果顯示在抗炎實(shí)驗(yàn)中硫熏組較未熏組效應(yīng)明顯降低。通過急性毒性和長期毒性實(shí)驗(yàn)對硫熏藥材的毒性進(jìn)行考察，急性毒性的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示硫熏白芍的毒性強(qiáng)于未熏白芍，而未熏白芷的毒性強(qiáng)于硫熏白芷；長期毒性的血液生化指標(biāo)檢查結(jié)果顯示硫熏藥材灌服對大鼠肌酐、尿素氮、總膽紅素以及各種無機(jī)鹽離子影響較大，反映出硫熏藥材可能對肝腎功能以及排泄和代謝有一定的影響；長期毒性的病理組織學(xué)結(jié)果顯示，在所設(shè)劑量下，硫熏白芍對大鼠腎臟的毒性作用可能具有可逆性，而硫熏白芷對大鼠肝臟、腎臟的毒性作用可能具有不可逆性。 結(jié)題英文摘要 This work was carried out systematically to investigate the affects of chemical constituents, afficacy,toxicity and inorganic elements of RADIX PAEONIAE ALBA and RADIX ANGELICAE DAHURICAE by sulfur-fumigated process. The results showed that the main chemical constituents changed in quality and quantity and new chemical constituents appeared in RADIX PAEONIAE ALBA and RADIX ANGELICAE DAHURICAE before and after sulfur-fumigated process through HPLC,HPLC-MS qualitative and HPLC quantitative analyses. The results suggested that sulfur-fumigated process could result in the residues of sulfur,and some heavy metals, such as As,Hg,Pb, and meantime the content changes of some trace elements by using ICP-AES analytical method to determine the harmful heavy metals, sulfur and the main trace elements in RADIX PAEONIAE ALBA and RADIX ANGELICAE DAHURICAE before and after sulfur-fumigated process. A rapid detection method coupled with IR spectroscopy for distinguishing the sulfur-fumigated medicinal materials was established. The results showed that the afficacies in sulfur-fumigated groups were decreased compare to that in non sulfur-fumigated groups in anti-inflammatory experiment by anti-inflammatory and analgesic investigations to the sulfur-fumigated affects in RADIX PAEONIAE ALBA and RADIX ANGELICAE DAHURICAE. Through the experimental investigations of acute and chronic toxicities to sulfur-fumigated medicinal materials, the results of acute toxicity showed that the toxicity of sulfur-fumigated RADIX PAEONIAE ALBA was stronger than that of non sulfur-fumigated one, and the toxicity of non sulfur-fumigated RADIX ANGELICAE DAHURICAE was stronger than that of sulfur-fumigated one. The blood biochemical indexes of chronic toxicity showed that the administrations of sulfur-fumigated medicinal materials had great affects to creatinine, urea nitrogen, total Bilirubin and all kinds of inorganic salt ions in rats, suggested that sulfur-fumigated medicinal materials might affect excretion ,metabolism and the functions of liver and kidney. The results of histopathology of chronic toxicity showed that the toxicity to rats' kidneys with sulfur-fumigated RADIX PAEONIAE ALBA might be reversible, and the toxicity to rats' livers and kidneys with sulfur-fumigated RADIX ANGELICAE DAHURICAE might be irreversible under given dosages. |
2樓2017-02-19 16:34:42
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