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[優(yōu)秀文章推薦] 基因可變剪接調(diào)控小麥抗旱耐熱機(jī)理研究中取得新進(jìn)展 已有1人參與
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Heat and drought stress enhanced occurrence of alternative splicing in wheat 中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)孫其信團(tuán)隊(duì)在Plant Biotechnology Journal在線發(fā)表了“基因可變剪接調(diào)控小麥抗旱耐熱機(jī)理研究中取得新進(jìn)展”的研究論文。該研究從全基因組水平上分析了小麥苗期響應(yīng)高溫干旱的可變剪接基因，并分析了其與差異表達(dá)基因的關(guān)系，為小麥抗旱耐熱分子機(jī)制研究提供了新的重要線索。 小麥產(chǎn)量與品質(zhì)直接關(guān)系著我國(guó)糧食安全和人民生活水平。隨著溫室效應(yīng)加劇，全球平均氣溫不斷升高，據(jù)估算，在小麥生長(zhǎng)季節(jié)內(nèi)，溫度每升高1℃，產(chǎn)量將下降6%左右，并致使品質(zhì)變劣。另外，干旱常伴隨高溫出現(xiàn)，形成干熱風(fēng)，危害面積可達(dá)小麥種植面積的2/3，使小麥減產(chǎn)10%～20%。干旱和高溫脅迫已經(jīng)成為影響小麥產(chǎn)量的重要限制因素，因此解析抗旱耐熱的分子機(jī)理對(duì)培育出小麥新品種具有理論和實(shí)踐意義。 該研究團(tuán)隊(duì)利用生物信息學(xué)方法分析了小麥苗期響應(yīng)高溫、干旱以及高溫干旱共脅迫條件下的轉(zhuǎn)錄組數(shù)據(jù)，首次從全基因組水平上鑒定了響應(yīng)逆境的可變剪接基因數(shù)目、種類及其功能類別，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)小麥部分同源基因在響應(yīng)高溫干旱脅迫時(shí)可變剪接模式發(fā)生了分化，暗示了其功能發(fā)生了分化，這可能與小麥多倍化后具有更廣泛的適應(yīng)性密切相關(guān)。另外，通過(guò)比較不同脅迫下的基因差異表達(dá)譜和可變剪接表達(dá)譜數(shù)據(jù)，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)基因差異表達(dá)響應(yīng)干旱脅迫時(shí)起主導(dǎo)作用，而基因可變剪接和差異表達(dá)在響應(yīng)高溫時(shí)共同發(fā)揮著重要作用，為研究小麥抗旱耐熱機(jī)理提供了新的線索。 Plant can acquire tolerance to environmental stresses via tranome reprogramming at tranional and alternative splicing (AS) levels. However, how AS coordinates with tranional regulation to contribute to abiotic stresses responses is still ambiguous. In the present study, we performed genome-wide analyses of AS responses to drought stress (DS), heat stress (HS) and their combination (HD) in wheat seedlings, and further compared them with tranional responses. In total, we found 200, 3,576, and 4,056 genes exhibiting significant AS pattern changes in response to DS, HS and HD, respectively, and combined drought and heat stress can induce specific AS compared with individual one. In addition, wheat homeologous genes exhibited differential AS responses under stress conditions that more AS events occurred on B subgenome than on A and D genomes. Comparison of genes regulated at AS and tranional levels showed that only 12% of DS induced AS genes were subjected to tranional regulation, whereas the proportion increased to ~40% under HS and HD. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that abiotic stress responsive pathways tended to be highly overrepresented among these overlapped genes under HS and HD. Thus, we proposed that tranional regulation may play a major role in response to DS, which coordinates with AS regulation to contribute to HS and HD tolerance in wheat. |
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