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[資源]
【資源】［共享］高分子材料加工工程專(zhuān)業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)教程
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http://d.namipan.com/d/2ae758795 ... 901df0d6a5545c42100 高分子材料加工工程專(zhuān)業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)教程 前 言.............................................................................................................................................2 第一章 高分子材料加工工程專(zhuān)業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí).........................................................................6 1.1 原材料特性......................................................................................................................6 1.1.1 塑料特性.......................................................6 1.1.2 化學(xué)藥品特性...................................................9 1.2 試樣制備........................................................................................................................10 1.2.1直接從塑料制品上截取試樣.......................................10 1.2.2直接從樹(shù)脂取樣.................................................10 1.2.3直接注塑成型標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試樣...........................................13 1.2.4間接從壓制板材上切取試樣.......................................14 1.3 數(shù)據(jù)處理........................................................................................................................17 1.3.1 測(cè)量誤差......................................................17 1.3.2近似數(shù)........................................................17 1.3.3 數(shù)據(jù)分析......................................................18 1.4 影響實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的因素.....................................................................................................19 1.4.1原材料因素.....................................................19 1.4.2 制樣因素......................................................20 1.4.3 測(cè)試條件......................................................20 1.5 安全知識(shí).........................................................................................................................21 1.5.1現(xiàn)場(chǎng)人員意外受到危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品傷害和玻璃劃傷.......................21 1.5.2 火災(zāi)及火傷....................................................21 1.5.3 爆炸..........................................................21 第二章 高分子材料成型工藝性能測(cè)試.......................................................................................22 2.1 水分...............................................................................................................................22 2.2 密度...............................................................................................................................25 2.2.1材料密度.......................................................25 2.2.2堆砌密度.......................................................28 2.3 塑化性能（轉(zhuǎn)矩流變儀）.............................................................................................30 2.4 熱塑性塑料熔體流動(dòng)性.................................................................................................32 2.4.1 熔體流變曲線..................................................32 2.4.2 熔體流動(dòng)速率..................................................37 2.5 熱固性塑料流動(dòng)性.........................................................................................................39 第三章 高分子材料性能測(cè)試.......................................................................................................42 3.1 力學(xué)性能........................................................................................................................42 3.1.1 拉伸實(shí)驗(yàn)......................................................42 3.1.2 壓縮實(shí)驗(yàn)......................................................48 3.1.3 彎曲實(shí)驗(yàn)......................................................50 3.1.4 沖擊實(shí)驗(yàn)......................................................53 3.1.5 硬度實(shí)驗(yàn)......................................................65 3.1.5.1邵氏硬度實(shí)驗(yàn)..........................................................................................65 3.1.5.2 球壓痕硬度實(shí)驗(yàn)......................................................................................67 3.1.6 剪切強(qiáng)度實(shí)驗(yàn)..................................................69 3.1.7 直角撕裂強(qiáng)度實(shí)驗(yàn)..............................................71 3.1.8 拉伸蠕變實(shí)驗(yàn)..................................................72 3.2 熱性能............................................................................................................................75 3.2.1 熱導(dǎo)率測(cè)定....................................................75 3.2.2 線膨脹系數(shù)測(cè)定................................................78 3.2.3 維卡軟化點(diǎn)測(cè)定................................................81 3.2.4 熱變形溫度測(cè)定................................................82 3.3 電性能............................................................................................................................85 3.3.1 擊穿強(qiáng)度和耐電壓實(shí)驗(yàn)..........................................85 3.3.2 介電系數(shù)和介電損耗角正切測(cè)定..................................89 3.3.3 體積電阻系數(shù)和表面電阻系數(shù)測(cè)定................................92 3.4 燃燒性能........................................................................................................................97 3.4.1 氧指數(shù)測(cè)定....................................................97 3.4.2 水平燃燒和垂直燃燒實(shí)驗(yàn)........................................103 3.4.3 煙密度測(cè)定...................................................110 3.5 光學(xué)性能...................................................................................................................... 113 3.5.1 熱臺(tái)偏光顯微觀察聚合物結(jié)晶形態(tài)...............................113 3.5.2 透光率和霧度測(cè)定.............................................116 3.5.3 色澤測(cè)定.....................................................118 3.6 滲透性能......................................................................................................................121 3.6.1 透氣性測(cè)定...................................................121 3.6.2 水蒸汽滲透率測(cè)定（杯式法） ...................................125 第四章 高分子材料成型加工實(shí)驗(yàn).............................................................................................128 4.1 模壓成型實(shí)驗(yàn)..............................................................................................................128 4.1.1 熱塑性塑料模壓成型...........................................128 4.1.2 熱固性塑料模壓成型...........................................132 4.2 擠出成型實(shí)驗(yàn)..............................................................................................................135 4.2.1 普通聚乙烯管材..............................................135 4.2.2 醫(yī)用高分子導(dǎo)管的成型及性能測(cè)試..............................138 4.2.3 異型材......................................................142 4.2.4 單絲........................................................145 4.3 注塑成型實(shí)驗(yàn)..............................................................................................................147 4.3.1 注射機(jī)操作技能實(shí)驗(yàn)............................................147 4.3.2 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)試試樣.................................................152 4.3.3 精密制品.....................................................156 4.4 中空吹塑成型實(shí)驗(yàn).......................................................................................................158 4.4.1 中空容器.....................................................158 4.4.2 吹塑薄膜.....................................................161 4.5 泡沫塑料成型實(shí)驗(yàn)........................................................................................................164 4.5.1 醫(yī)用聚氨酯泡沫..............................................164 4.5.2 聚乙烯泡沫...................................................171 4.6 熱成型實(shí)驗(yàn)..................................................................................................................176 4.7 塑性溶膠制備及搪塑成型實(shí)驗(yàn)...................................................................................179 4.8 聚醚砜中空纖維的制備及性能測(cè)試...........................................................................184 第五章 高分子材料成型加工設(shè)備剖析實(shí)驗(yàn).............................................................................189 5.1 注射機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)...................................................................................................................189 5.1.1 注射充模流動(dòng)模型實(shí)驗(yàn)..........................................189 5.1.2 注射機(jī)注射特性參數(shù)測(cè)定........................................191 5.1.3 注射機(jī)塑化特性參數(shù)測(cè)定........................................194 5.1.4 注射機(jī)鎖模力測(cè)定..............................................197 5.1.5 注射模具型腔壓力測(cè)定..........................................205 5.1.6 注射模具溫度分布測(cè)定.........................................208 5.2 擠出機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)................................................................................................................... 211 5.2.1擠出機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速－產(chǎn)量－功率測(cè)定....................................211 5.2.2擠出機(jī)口模特性曲線測(cè)定........................................213 5.2.3擠出機(jī)螺桿特性曲線測(cè)定........................................214 第六章 高分子材料成型模具組裝實(shí)驗(yàn).....................................................................................216 附表1 ..........................................................................................................................................218 附表2 ..........................................................................................................................................219 附表3 ..........................................................................................................................................220 塑料及樹(shù)脂縮寫(xiě)代碼....................................................................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書(shū)簽。 http://d.namipan.com/d/2ae75879565025caab3d802c5fd0e901df0d6a5545c42100 |
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