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dongyan木蟲(chóng) (小有名氣)
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[求助]
求助關(guān)于RASCH分析的一段翻譯
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| The numeric values of the categories (item scale steps) represent measurement on an ordinal scale – they only indicate relative order along the able-not able (or not participating-participating) continuum, but the differences between scale steps are not equivalent, and the values chosen for them are arbitrary. As a result, adding up the scores for the items to obtain the total score is not an operation that is allowed, based on the rules of mathematics. Therefore, total scores do not reflect position along a continuum that has a true zero point, and constant distances between scale points. (These constitute the definition of a ratio scale, which is what is required for calculating means for a group, or percentage improvement over time). However, research has shown that if the item category values are chosen “reasonably”, the sum of ordinal items corresponds quite well to values on a true ratio scale, at least for intermediate levels of the continuum of total scores (26). Rasch analysis, a mathematical procedure based on Item Response Theory (IRT) has been used to transform a set of scores on ordinal FA items into a score on an interval scale (10, 21, 26). The theoretical assumptions and mathematical manipulations underlying Rasch Analysis-based FA instruments are beyond the scope of this chapter; good introductions to the technique and its application to FA may be found in Bond and Fox (27). |
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zerohead
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【答案】應(yīng)助回帖
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The numeric values of the categories (item scale steps) represent measurement on an ordinal scale – they only indicate relative order along the able-not able (or not participating) continuum, but the differences between scale steps are not equivalent, and the values chosen for them are arbitrary. 在每一種分類旁邊的數(shù)字代表了一個(gè)次序，它們只代表在可以或者不可以之間（或者是不參與）的一個(gè)先后順序。但是每個(gè)次序之間的差別是不按比例的，這些數(shù)字只是隨意安排的。 |
2樓2010-08-08 21:01:07
lcg2009
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【答案】應(yīng)助回帖
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類別的數(shù)值（每一項(xiàng)的比例間隔）代表一種定序尺度上的尺寸——它們僅僅代表連續(xù)與不連續(xù)（或不參與）的相關(guān)次序，但比例間隔就不一樣了，而且他們的取值是任意的。所以，從數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算法則的角度來(lái)說(shuō)，把每項(xiàng)相加得到總數(shù)的做法是不允許的。 因此，總數(shù)不能反映具有真值0點(diǎn)和刻度點(diǎn)之間恒定間距的連續(xù)的位置。(這些規(guī)定形成了刻度比的定義：要求計(jì)算一組數(shù)據(jù)的平均值或者隨時(shí)間變化的百分比改善程度)。 然而，研究表明：如果項(xiàng)目種類值選擇合理，項(xiàng)目順序之和與真值上的比例刻度能很好的對(duì)應(yīng)，這至少適用于總數(shù)連續(xù)的中間部分。 基于應(yīng)理論的數(shù)學(xué)程序——拉希分析用于把FA項(xiàng)序數(shù)的數(shù)集轉(zhuǎn)換成等距尺度。相關(guān)的基于FA的拉希分析理論假設(shè)與計(jì)算過(guò)程超出了本章的范圍，這個(gè)方法的介紹及其在FA方面的應(yīng)用可以參考Bond與Fox的文章。 |
3樓2010-08-10 13:12:58
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