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liloveyan銀蟲 (初入文壇)
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down-conversion in Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped YF3
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Abstract ：Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped YF3 powder is prepared by combining a nitrate decomposition method with a NH4HF2 fluorization process, from which efficient energy transfer induced down-conversion is achieved. An absorbed 365 nm near ultraviolet photon is split into two photons of 650 nm red and 1000 nm near infrared radiations, both falling in the responding region of Si-based solar cells. The quantum cutting mechanism has been proposed and discussed and the energy transfer efficiency for the quantum cutting is evaluated by developing an emission intensity ratio contrast method. The investigation might offer a new possible approach to achieve Si-based solar cells of high efficiency by down-converting the near ultraviolet part of the solar spectrum. Quantum cutting (QC) was firstly reported in Pr3+ doped YF3 and NaYF4 phosphors in the early 1970s [1, 2]. It could generate two low-energy photons from an absorbed incident high energy photon, by which the necessary redshift of the absorbed radiation is obtained without losing energy efficiency.This is considered as an exciting scenario toward the development of superior luminescent materials and devices After that, QC has also been witnessed in other materials doped with a single rare earth ion such as Pr3+, Tm3+and Gd3+。The QC down-conversion based on an ion-couple was firstly reported in LiGdF4 phosphor byWegh [5], of which a vacuum ultraviolet photon is absorbed by Gd3+ and two red photons are then emitted by Eu3+ ions. Thereafter, many people attached great importance to QC by the combination of two or even three ions such as Er3+ → Gd3+ [6], Gd3+→Tb3+ [7], Pr3+→Mn2+ [8], Pr3+→Cr3+ [9] and Er3+ → Gd3+ → Tb3+ [10]. In these cases, the absorbed energy of the donor ions is transferred stepwise to the acceptor ions, and two photons of low energy are obtained. These QC phosphors can enhance luminescence emission in the visible region and have important applications in more efficient plasma display panels and mercury-free fluorescent tubes. Recently, near infrared QC performed by cooperative energy transfers has been reported, which is also based on the combination of two ions [11–14]. In Tb3+ and Yb3+ codoped YPO4 [11], for instance, a cooperative energy transfer from Tb3+ to two Yb3+ ions leads to the photon doubling in the near infrared region. Similar phenomena have also been observed in several other rare earth coupled systems such as Pr3+ /Yb3+ [12], Tm3+ /Yb3+ [12, 13] and Ce3+ /Yb3+ [14] co-doped crystals or glasses. These phosphors can convert 484, 489, 475, and 330 nm photons into doubled 1000 nm photons, respectively. Since the energy of the converted photons is just above the band edge of crystalline Si, the energy losses by thermalization of electron hole pairs are minimized. Therefore, near infrared QC induced by cooperative energy transfer can enhance the energy efficiency of silicon-based solar cells in theory, which has attracted intense attention. |
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yanghongmei
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liloveyan(金幣+5, 翻譯EPI+1):辛苦你了，你是在線翻譯的吧，呵呵，不過還是謝謝你 2010-10-18 14:03:21
| 摘要：摻Er3 + / Yb3 +共摻YF3粉末是通過將一個NH4HF2 fluorization過程中硝酸鹽分解法，從有效的能量轉移誘導下，轉化率可達準備。紫外吸收的近365納米的光子被分為兩個光子波長為650納米的紅色和近紅外輻射1000年，無論是在基礎的太陽能電池下降的受訪地區(qū)硅。切削機理的量子已經(jīng)提出和討論了量子降低能源轉換效率通過制定排放強度比對比的方法進行評估。調查可能會提供一種新的可能的方法來實現(xiàn)下變頻的太陽光譜的近紫外線部分的高效率硅太陽能電池。量子剪裁（QC）的首次報道了在鐠+摻雜YF3，并在[1，2] 70年代初NaYF4熒光粉。它可以產(chǎn)生兩個事件從一個高能量光子吸收低能量的光子，其中輻射的吸收紅移是沒有必要的損失是作為向上級發(fā)光材料和器件的發(fā)展令人激動的情景之后，認為獲得的能量efficiency.This御用大律師也被目睹和Gd3 +其他材料摻雜+，銩與單一稀土離子如鐠+。的質量控制下變頻情侶基于一個離子被首次報道LiGdF4磷byWegh [5]，其中一真空紫外線光子吸收釓+和兩個紅色的光子，然后由Eu3 +離子發(fā)射。此后，許多人重視，甚至三離子重視兩到質量控制的組合，如摻Er3 +→Gd3 +的[6]，釓+→Tb3 +的[7]，鐠+→Mn2 +的[8]，鐠+→三價鉻+ [9]和Er3 +→釓鋱+→+ [10]。在這種情況下，捐助離子吸收能量的逐步轉移到受體離子和兩個低能量光子得到。這些QC可以提高發(fā)光熒光粉在可見光區(qū)域發(fā)射顯示器面板，并在重要的應用更有效的血漿和無汞熒光燈管。最近，近紅外質量控制，以合作的能量轉移進行了報道，這也是]基于11-14組合兩個離子[。在鋱+和Yb3 +共摻YPO4 [11]，例如，傳輸從鋱能源+合作社+兩個鐿離子導致光子紅外區(qū)域在不久的一倍。類似的現(xiàn)象也被觀察到幾個其他稀土鐠耦合系統(tǒng)，如+ /鐿+ [12]，銩/鐿+ [12，13]和Ce3 + /鐿+ [14]共摻晶體或眼鏡。這些熒光粉可以轉換484，489，475和330 nm的光子到1000 nm的光子一倍，分別為。由于光子的能量轉換后的正上方，硅晶體的帶邊，電子空穴對的能量損失最小化的熱化。因此，近紅外質量控制轉移引起的能量可以加強合作的強烈關注能量理論，吸引了效率，基于硅的太陽能電池研究。 |
3樓2010-10-18 13:01:08
liloveyan
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4樓2010-10-18 14:01:52
yanghongmei
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