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近幾十年來，隨著科技的進步，橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展也取得了舉世矚目的成就，而橋梁試驗研究對于推動和發(fā)展橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)設計計算理論、解決生產(chǎn)實踐中出現(xiàn)的難題起到了重要的作用。為保證大量既有橋梁的正常使用，需要對橋梁進行荷載試驗，檢驗其承載能力狀態(tài)及結(jié)構(gòu)特性是否符合設計標準和使用要求。本文結(jié)合鄂州市濱湖橋載荷試驗和理論計算進行了相關(guān)的研究。 掌握橋梁試驗方法是荷載試驗取得成功的先決條件，本文對橋梁靜、動載試驗方法進行了深入研究。在靜載試驗方法中，對靜載試驗方案作了較詳細的介紹，包括試驗對象選擇、荷載工況設計、測點布置原則、試驗荷載和加載方法等的選擇與確立，并對試驗數(shù)據(jù)處理及指標評定進行了敘述；在動載試驗方法中，對橋梁常規(guī)動力測試項目進行了介紹，給出了實際橋梁動載試驗最常采用的加載方法，對橋梁動力反應、動力特性的評定指標進行了介紹與總結(jié)。 對實際工程概況進行了相應的介紹，根據(jù)有關(guān)橋梁檢測內(nèi)容的要求，對此橋進行了表觀檢測及靜、動載試驗，綜合評定結(jié)構(gòu)的安全承載能力是否符合設計標準和使用要求。表觀檢測中針對各構(gòu)件有無破損、開裂、變形、滲水、露筋銹蝕、淤塞積水等現(xiàn)象進行了詳細的檢查，標測出其具體位置及范圍，對于裂縫檢測，包括裂縫分布、寬度及深度等，并對結(jié)構(gòu)線型和標高進行了量測。 研究根據(jù)連續(xù)剛構(gòu)橋的特點制定了詳細的靜動載試驗方案。在靜荷載作用下，獲取了中跨、邊跨各控制截面最大應變和撓度，并對剛構(gòu)墩墩頂梁附近最大負彎矩控制截面的應變進行了量測。用有限元軟件MIDAS對檢測橋梁進行建模分析計算，與實測試驗數(shù)據(jù)加以對比分析，對整個橋梁的實際承載力狀態(tài)做出評定。在動載試驗中，分別采集了橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)在脈沖、跳車及不同車速狀況下的動態(tài)反應信號，計算出結(jié)構(gòu)的自振頻率、阻尼比和各車速下的沖擊系數(shù)。 橋梁的靜動載試驗研究表明，濱湖橋的整體結(jié)構(gòu)基本完好，安全性能符合要求。表觀檢查結(jié)果表明，橋面鋪裝層磨損較為嚴重，結(jié)構(gòu)多處存在裂縫，伸縮縫已基本喪失功能，影響結(jié)構(gòu)的安全性及耐久性，必須盡快處理。本文的研究成果為此橋的維護加固提供了指導性的意見，對以后同類橋梁的檢測也具有較大的參考價值。 關(guān)鍵詞：荷載試驗，表觀檢測，既有橋梁，有限元 |
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【答案】應助回帖
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wypward(金幣+1):謝謝參與 2010-10-20 10:37:30
wypward(金幣-10):嚴禁機器翻譯 2010-10-21 11:55:56
wypward(金幣+1):謝謝參與 2010-10-20 10:37:30
wypward(金幣-10):嚴禁機器翻譯 2010-10-21 11:55:56
| In recent decades, as technology advances, the development of bridges has also made remarkable achievements of the bridge test structure for the promotion and development of bridge design and calculation theory, solve problems arising in production practices have played an important role. To ensure the normal use of a large number of existing bridges, bridges need to load test, test its carrying capacity and structural properties of state compliance with design standards and requirements. This paper Ezhou Lake Bridge load tests and theoretical calculations carried out relevant studies. Load master bridge test is a prerequisite for successful trials, the paper bridge static and dynamic tests conducted in-depth research methods. In the static test method, on the static test program made a more detailed introduction, including the test object choice, load cases design, test point arrangement principles, methods, test load and load the selection and establishment, and the test data processing and evaluation indicators were described; in the dynamic test method, conventional dynamic testing of bridge projects were introduced, given the actual bridge dynamic test loading methods most commonly used on bridge dynamic response, dynamic characteristics of the evaluation indicators were introduced and summarized. The actual profile of the corresponding project description, according to the requirements of the bridge test content, this bridge was the apparent detection and static and dynamic load test, comprehensive assessment of whether the carrying capacity of structural safety standards and meet the design requirements. Apparent whether the detection of each component for damage, cracking, deformation, seepage, exposed reinforcement corrosion, blockage of water and so a detailed examination, mapping out its exact location and extent of crack detection, including the crack distribution, width and depth, and structure of linear and elevation were measured. Research based on the characteristics of continuous rigid frame bridge developed a detailed static and dynamic test program. In the static load, obtained in the cross, while the maximum cross-section of the control strain and deflection, and the rigid frame near Pier Top of the maximum negative moment beam control section of the strain were measured. MIDAS using the finite element software to model on the test of bridge analysis and calculation to be compared with the measured test data analysis, the actual capacity of the bridge to make assessment of the state. In the dynamic test, the bridge structure were collected in the pulse, the speed bump and different conditions of the dynamic response signals, calculate the natural vibration frequency, damping ratio and the speed, the impact factor. Bridge static and dynamic test results show that the overall structure of the Lake Bridge, the basic integrity, safety performance in line with requirements. The apparent test results show that the bridge deck pavement wear more serious, there is many cracks in the structure, expansion joints have been basically destroyed, affecting the structure of the safety and durability, must be as soon as possible. The results of this study reinforce the maintenance of this bridge provides a guiding opinions on the future detection of similar bridges also have great reference value. |
2樓2010-10-17 23:56:21
【答案】應助回帖
★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
ringzhu(金幣+30, 翻譯EPI+1): 2010-11-20 11:22:13
ringzhu(金幣+20): 2010-11-20 11:22:19
ringzhu(金幣+30, 翻譯EPI+1): 2010-11-20 11:22:13
ringzhu(金幣+20): 2010-11-20 11:22:19
|
In recent decades, with the progress of science and technology, the development of bridge structure are obtained remarkable achievement, and Bridges and experimental research on development of bridge structure design and calculation theory, to solve problems in production practice plays an important role. To ensure the normal use of both Bridges, need for bridge test, the test of load bearing capacity of the structural characteristics and compliance with design standards and requirements. Based on the EZhouShi binhu bridge load test and theoretical calculation and the related research. Master bridge load test test method is a prerequisite for success, this paper, dynamic load test prohibit bridge method is studied. In the static load test method of static load test plan for a more detailed presentation, including test object selection, load condition design, principles of measuring-point arrangement, load test and loading method to establish the choice, and the test data processing and evaluation index is described, In the dynamic load test method of dynamic test routine, bridge project are introduced, and presents a practical bridge load test of the commonly used method for dynamic loading and dynamic characteristics of the bridge, the evaluation indexes were introduced and summarized. In practical engineering survey, the corresponding contents according to the relevant requirements of bridge detection, the apparent test and the bridge of the dynamic and static load test, the comprehensive evaluation of the structure of bearing capacity of safety compliance with design standards and requirements. For every component in the apparent test without damage, craze, deformation, seepage, reinforcement corrosion phenomenon such as water, siltation detailed inspection, measuring its location and the scope for crack detection, including crack distribution, width and depth, and the structure of the linear and elevation measurement. According to the characteristics of continuous rigid-frame bridge study for a detailed scheme of static and dynamic load test. In the static load, the span of the control section, edge across the maximum deflection and strain, and the rigid-frame structure of the pier pier beam in the negative moment control section near maximum strain were measured. Using finite element software modeling for testing bridge "MIDAS" calculation and analysis, and the actual experiment data analysis, comparison of the actual state of the bridge to assess capacity. In the dynamic load test, the bridge structure in the car and different pulse, the dynamic response speed conditions, the structure calculating the signal frequencies, damping ratio and the speed of impact coefficient. The static and dynamic load test bridge study the overall structure of the bridge, the binhu basic condition, safety performance requirements. Results show that the apparent check surfacing layer wear relatively serious, structure, many existing crack expansion joints has basic loss function, affect the safety of the structure and durability, soon. The results of this bridge maintenance provides guidance opinion reinforcement of similar Bridges with the test and reference value. Keywords: load test, the apparent test, both Bridges and finite element method |
3樓2010-10-19 18:18:45
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