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yexuqing木蟲之王 (文學(xué)泰斗)
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《自然》社論：勿過高期待石墨烯 已有36人參與
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《自然》社論：勿過高期待石墨烯 目前應(yīng)用優(yōu)勢還未凸顯；長足發(fā)展仍需時間 5月26日出版的《自然》雜志刊登社論——《長期游戲》（The long game），認(rèn)為應(yīng)該理性、全面地看待石墨烯這種新型材料的現(xiàn)狀和前景。以下為文章主要內(nèi)容： 一個科學(xué)領(lǐng)域能否瞬間發(fā)展起來？有可能，比如石墨烯研究，其成為“神奇材料”所用時間比一篇論文發(fā)表所需時間還要短。盡管石墨烯顯著性能的應(yīng)用開發(fā)工作還在繼續(xù)，但如何實(shí)現(xiàn)石墨烯的物盡其用，仍需要完善。 在本月初舉行的一個石墨烯相關(guān)會議上，許多科學(xué)家表示不應(yīng)該對石墨烯持有過高期望�？v然石墨烯具有一些讓人印象深刻的性能，其誘人前景無可否認(rèn)，但也只能說石墨烯有著很大“潛能”，與許多現(xiàn)存材料的實(shí)際應(yīng)用相比，目前的石墨烯還未展現(xiàn)其優(yōu)勢，石墨烯設(shè)備的制造和設(shè)計也仍存在許多困難。 不過，這并不代表石墨烯研究一定是令人沮喪的，這個領(lǐng)域依然充滿著活力，優(yōu)異的性能讓石墨烯在材料中脫穎而出，如若應(yīng)用得當(dāng)，石墨烯產(chǎn)生的影響將會是巨大的。想在石墨烯研究領(lǐng)域獲得“一夜成功”，需要的是時間的積累。（科學(xué)網(wǎng) 張笑/編譯） |
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。。。 [ Last edited by cxguo on 2011-6-1 at 22:36 ] |
9樓2011-05-31 10:07:05
yexuqing
木蟲之王 (文學(xué)泰斗)
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Nature | Editorial Next article The long game Journal name: Nature Volume: 473, Page: 419 Date published: (26 May 2011) DOI: doi:10.1038/473419a Published online 25 May 2011 Graphene is not a miracle material, just a very promising one. It will take restraint and sustained interest to deliver its potential. Subject terms:Materials science Conferences and meetings Research community Article tools日本語要約 Download PDF Download citation Order reprints Rights and permissions Share/bookmarkConnotea Cite U Like Facebook Twitter Delicious Digg Is it possible for a field of science to move too fast? Perhaps. Those who work on the form of carbon known as graphene have seen it rocket from the next big thing to a miracle material in less time than it can take for a research paper to be accepted and published. Yet although the hunt is on for applications that can exploit graphene's remarkable properties, the work necessary to find out how it could best be harnessed remains incomplete. This is one reason why many scientists who attended a meeting on the subject earlier this month were cautious about raising expectations too high. 'Graphene: The Road to Applications' was held in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on 11–13 May, and was hosted by Nature Publishing Group. As with most 'overnight' success stories, the field of graphene research actually had a very slow start. Physicists have long been fascinated by this one-atom-thick planar crystal of carbon atoms, but until a few years ago most considered it a hypothetical system, useful for studying fundamental properties of matter but not able to exist in free form. It took a steady build-up of theoretical work and pioneering experiments over several decades before the research storm broke when it became possible to isolate graphene sheets in a laboratory. The material certainly has an impressive set of properties. And there is no denying its tantalizing promise. As a thin membrane — flexible, strong and impermeable — graphene is an attractive platform on which to build devices. Add to that its high electron mobility and excellent optical and thermal properties, and the potential for applications seems endless. But the key word here is potential. The reality is that for many of graphene's widely promoted applications, it currently performs no better than existing materials and conventional approaches. For example, graphene performs relatively poorly as a transparent conductor in conventional displays, touch screens and photovoltaic cells. Neither is it a serious contender to replace silicon in standard electronics, because it does not work well as a digital switch, the essential function of a silicon transistor. This should not necessarily be discouraging; the field is still very young. Those who talk up the potential of graphene's applications should remember that it typically takes any technology some 20 years to emerge from the lab and be commercialized — and even then it can succeed only with sustained effort and interest from researchers, industry and funding agencies (see Nature 469, 14–16; 2011). “It typically takes any technology some 20 years to emerge from the lab and be commercialized.” It is crucial to identify and acknowledge practical hurdles — and when it comes to fabricating and designing graphene devices, there are many. As was stressed many times at the Cambridge meeting, the single biggest obstacle is the lack of a way to reliably produce high-quality graphene sheets in large quantities. The quality and structure of the sheets can differ from batch to batch, which can make devices behave inconsistently. Furthermore, although the pristine form of graphene has high electron mobility, meaning that devices based on it have the potential to run at high speeds, this changes dramatically when it interacts with its environment, as it does when attached to a substrate. The material will be valuable only if it can perform reliably when put to work. Graphene stands out from other materials for its combination of superlative properties. In the right application, it could have an enormous impact. For example, although graphene does not perform well in digital electronics, there is much interest in using it to make high-frequency transistors for analogue applications — where it could be truly useful in wireless communication. Another important, if low-profile, role for graphene could be as a passive layer for heat management in electronic devices. Such targeting of graphene's potential will be vital to its success. A few carefully chosen driver applications, although possibly not as obvious or exciting as some of the uses currently flagged, would give research on the material a better chance of holding on to wide interest in the long term — especially from funding agencies. Overnight success takes time to build. Additional dataJournal home Current issue For authors Subscribe E-alert sign up RSS feed Science jobs from nature jobs Bioinformatician (Functional Genomics Production) European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) Cambridge, United Kingdom Director, National Institute of Immunology (NII) National Institute of Immunology (NII) Delhi, New Delhi, India Postdoctoral Research Scientist Position Columbia University New York, NY Post a free job More science jobs Open innovation challenges Beneficial Uses for Industrial Quantities of Hydrochloric Acid Deadline: Jun 04 2011 Reward: $20,000 USD The Seeker desires suggestions for novel methods for beneficial use of industrial-scale quantities… Improved Synthesis of a Nucleoside Analogue Deadline: Jun 08 2011 Reward: $50,000 USD The Seeker desires an improved synthesis of a specific nucleoside analogue. 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2樓2011-05-30 17:34:28
robinsonguo
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3樓2011-05-30 17:40:28
Platinum
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4樓2011-05-30 18:23:23
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