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zhaohaixing榮譽(yù)版主 (著名寫手)
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[資源]
一新材料絕對(duì)零度附近顯超導(dǎo)性
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研究人員在5月在線出版的《自然—納米技術(shù)》期刊上首次報(bào)道,一種新材料在整體不具備超導(dǎo)性的情況下其表面顯示出超導(dǎo)性。 超導(dǎo)性是指當(dāng)材料被冷卻到一定溫度之下,電流可以沒有阻性地通過其中,100年前,科學(xué)家第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)超導(dǎo)現(xiàn)象。Masashi Kawasaki和同事將金屬電極置放在一層鉭酸鉀單晶上,然后加入一滴導(dǎo)電液體,讓這個(gè)設(shè)備成為雙層電晶體管。他們發(fā)現(xiàn),這個(gè)晶體管產(chǎn)生的高電場(chǎng)導(dǎo)致鉭酸鉀晶體表面在高于絕對(duì)零度 0.005度的情況下成為超導(dǎo)體。 英文摘要 Superconductivity at interfaces has been investigated since the first demonstration of electric-field-tunable superconductivity in ultrathin films in 19601. So far, research on interface superconductivity has focused on materials that are known to be superconductors in bulk1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Here, we show that electrostatic carrier doping can induce superconductivity in KTaO3, a material in which superconductivity has not been observed before10, 11. Taking advantage of the large capacitance of the self-organized electric double layer that forms at the interface between an ionic liquid and KTaO3 (ref. 12), we achieve a charge carrier density that is an order of magnitude larger than the density that can be achieved with conventional chemical doping. Superconductivity emerges in KTaO3 at 50 mK for two-dimensional carrier densities in the range 2.3 × 1014 to 3.7 × 1014 cm−2. The present result clearly shows that electrostatic carrier doping can lead to new states of matter at nanoscale interfaces. |
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