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【答案】應助回帖
cg753(金幣+8, 基金HEPI+1): ★★★★★最佳答案 2012-01-26 12:52:59
申請書摘要 褐飛虱Nilaparvata lugens (St?l)是我國水稻生產(chǎn)上的主要害蟲,化學殺蟲劑是防治褐飛虱的主要手段,近年來我國褐飛虱頻繁大發(fā)生的主要原因之一是褐飛虱對新煙堿類殺蟲劑- - 吡蟲啉產(chǎn)生高度抗藥性。因此,延緩和治理褐飛虱的抗藥性是我國水稻生產(chǎn)中急需解決的重要課題。本項目擬從殺蟲劑-褐飛虱/共生菌-抗藥性之間的關系入手,應用昆蟲生理生態(tài)學、昆蟲毒理學、微生物學和分子生物學的研究方法,研究新煙堿類殺蟲劑(吡蟲啉)脅迫下褐飛虱體內共生菌種群變化、共生菌對吡蟲啉的營養(yǎng)/解毒功能及其生理生化和分子機理,闡明共生菌在褐飛虱對吡蟲啉快速產(chǎn)生高水平抗性中的作用及其機制,進一步揭示共生菌在害蟲對殺蟲劑逆境脅迫的適應和抵御中的作用及其分子機制,為合理解釋褐飛虱對新煙堿類殺蟲劑產(chǎn)生抗藥性的機理以及預防和治理褐飛虱的抗藥性提供理論依據(jù),具有重要的科學理論意義和生產(chǎn)實際價值。
申請書主題詞 褐飛虱;共生菌;新煙堿類殺蟲劑;抗藥性
結題中文摘要 本項目從殺蟲劑-褐飛虱/共生菌-抗藥性之間的關系入手,應用昆蟲生理生態(tài)學、昆蟲毒理學、微生物學和分子生物學的研究方法,研究了新煙堿類殺蟲劑(吡蟲啉)脅迫下褐飛虱體內共生菌的種群結構和數(shù)量變化,明確了抗感吡蟲啉褐飛虱種群體內類酵母共生菌的優(yōu)勢種和數(shù)量差異。比較研究了正常和缺失共生菌褐飛虱體內共生菌數(shù)量、營養(yǎng)物質含量、抗藥性水平和解毒酶活性的變化,明確了褐飛虱體內共生菌數(shù)量變化與其解毒酶活性和抗藥性水平有關。通過測定不同抗藥性共生菌對吡蟲啉的降解作用和體內解毒酶、尿酸酶的活性變化,明確了抗吡蟲啉共生菌具有降解吡蟲啉的能力以及共生菌羧酸酯酶、多功能氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶、細胞色素P450、尿酸酶等活性的提高與褐飛虱抗吡蟲啉有關。進一步克隆了共生菌中吡蟲啉解毒相關基因。闡明了共生菌在褐飛虱對吡蟲啉產(chǎn)生抗性中的解毒功能及其生理生化機理,揭示了共生菌在害蟲對殺蟲劑脅迫的適應和抵御中的作用,為合理解釋褐飛虱對新煙堿類殺蟲劑產(chǎn)生抗藥性的機理以及預防和治理褐飛虱的抗藥性提供理論依據(jù)。
結題英文摘要 Based on relationship between insecticide and brown planthopper (BPH) or endosymbiote and insecticide-resistant, using the methods of Insect Physiological Ecology, Insect Toxicology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, the project had studied the change of BPH yeast-like symbiotes (YLS) population structure and numbers, and found some differences in dominant species and numbers of YLS in imidacloprid-resistant and -susceptible BPH populations. The change of YLS numbers,nutrients content, imidacloprid-resistance level and detoxification enzymes activity in body of symbiotic and aposymbiotic BPH were investigated, YLS numbers in BPH was related to its activities of detoxification enzymes and resistance level. By studying the degradation of imidacloprid - resistant and - susceptible symbiotes to imidacloprid and change of its activities of detoxification enzymes and uricase, it is proved that imidacloprid-resistant symbiotes had degradation ability of imidacloprid, increase of activities of carboxylesterase (CarE), mixed function oxidase (MFO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), cytochrome P450 and uricase had related with resistance of BPH to imidacloprid. Relative gene with imidacloprid - detoxification in YLS was further cloned. Detoxification function role of YLS in production of high-level resistance of BPH to imidacloprid and its physiological and biochemical mechanism were clarified. Adaptation and molecular mechanism of YLS in insect pests to insecticide stress were revealed. The research results will provide the theoretical foundation for reasonable explanation of resistant mechanism of BPH to neonicotinoid, and for prevention and management of BPH resistance. |
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