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| The influence of various organic and inorganic bases such as K3PO4, Cs2CO3, KOtBu, K2CO3 and KOH was studied for the standard reaction (entries 1, 5–8). It was observed that the bases K2CO3, Cs2CO3 and K3PO4 a or-ded good yields of the desired product. However, due to cost considerations K3PO4 was preferred over Cs2CO3. The e ect of various solvents on the reaction system was also examined (entries 1, 9–12). It was observed that non-polar solvents such as toluene gave a low yield of product probably due to the poor solubility of reactant and catalyst in the reaction medium. It was also observed that pro-longed reaction of the catalyst in toluene led to decompo-sition of the catalyst and precipitation of Pd metal. The use of polar solvents such as NMP and DMSO led to an increase in the yield without any catalyst deactivation. However, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidine (NMP) was found to give the best results and was used for further studies. |
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cfk580713
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- 翻譯EPI: 277
- 應(yīng)助: 30 (小學(xué)生)
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【答案】應(yīng)助回帖
★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
sltmac: 金幣+1 2012-05-08 08:54:55
張超峰: 金幣+20, 翻譯EPI+1 2012-05-08 09:23:13
sltmac: 金幣+1 2012-05-08 08:54:55
張超峰: 金幣+20, 翻譯EPI+1 2012-05-08 09:23:13
| 研究了大量有機(jī)和無機(jī)堿，如 K3PO4, Cs2CO3, KOtBu, K2CO3 和 KOH 對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)反應(yīng)的影響。結(jié)果表明，在 K2CO3, Cs2CO3和K3PO4作用下都能以較高產(chǎn)率得到目標(biāo)產(chǎn)物。 然而，基于成本考慮，我們更傾向于使用K3PO4，而不是Cs2CO3. 同時，也研究了不同溶劑對反應(yīng)體系的影響(entries 1, 9–12). 結(jié)果表明，在如甲苯等非極性溶劑中反應(yīng)的產(chǎn)率較低，其原因可能是在非極性反應(yīng)介質(zhì)中，反應(yīng)物及催化劑地溶解性不好. |
2樓2012-05-07 22:08:58
cfk580713
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3樓2012-05-07 22:11:54
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