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水中微量有機物檢測方法的建立與去除工藝研究 相關機械設備在長期運行過程中，由于密封等問題導致少量機油、潤滑油等進入某水體系中，這些礦物油類進入水體系后不僅造成水的污染，也影響到它的正常操作或工作，為此，有必要開展水體系的礦物油深度去除工藝的研究。偶氮化合物在還原條件下可能生成致癌的芳香胺，給環(huán)境和人類健康造成潛在的危害，光催化氧化法與傳統(tǒng)的水處理方法相比具有降解速度快、能源耗費低、污染物降解率高等優(yōu)點，本文研制了一種光催化功能材料，并驗證了其對水中微量甲基橙的降解效果 1、水中油檢測方法的建立。本文通過系列試驗驗證了紫外標準曲線法，紫外工作曲線法，紅外吸收特征檢測法，紅外測油儀法及總有機碳檢測法對水中微量油檢測的準確性。通過試驗得出紫外標準曲線法檢測的平均相對偏差為11.72%，紫外工作曲線法的平均相對偏差為4.63%，紅外吸收特征檢測4 cm比色皿檢測法的平均相對偏差為2.6%，紅外吸收特征檢測1 cm比色皿檢測法的平均相對偏差為1.72%，JDS-106U型紅外測油儀檢測的平均相對偏差為0.99%，JDS-106A型紅外測油儀檢測的平均相對偏差為0.83%；TOC-VCPH總有機碳檢測儀檢測的平均相對偏差為1.7%。 2、水中油深度去除工藝。首先選擇膨脹石墨作為吸油功能材料，通過靜態(tài)試驗驗證了膨脹石墨能將水中油的濃度從20 ppm降至1 ppm以下，并且浸泡15 d對膨脹石墨的吸油效果無明顯影響，課題還考察了吸附時間、溫度、pH值、攪拌速度、攪拌時間等對膨脹石墨吸油和吸水性能的影響，通過掃描電子顯微鏡（SEM）觀察了膨脹石墨的微觀形貌，討論了膨脹石墨的吸油機理，并設計了膨脹石墨預處理工藝和膨脹石墨深度除油工藝；其次通過靜態(tài)試驗和動態(tài)試驗對比了丙綸吸油纖維和滌綸吸油纖維的吸油性能，選擇丙綸纖維作為課題的吸油功能材料，考察了初始濃度，循環(huán)水流速和吸附溫度對吸油率的影響；最后通過試驗驗證了雙波長紫外光（185 nm+254 nm）對水中油的降解效果，而單獨的185 nm紫外光或254 nm紫外光對水中油沒有明顯的降解效果，課題還討論了雙波長紫外光對水中機油的降解機理，同時試驗驗證了雙波長紫外光與吸油纖維協(xié)同108 h對水中油的去除作用，并給出了裝置聯(lián)合運行情況下的運行結(jié)果。 |
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yuanjijoy
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★ ★ ★ ★ ★
愛與雨下: 金幣-5 2012-05-10 18:43:00
愛與雨下: 違規(guī)存檔, 請注意版規(guī) 2012-05-10 18:43:19
愛與雨下: 金幣-5 2012-05-10 18:43:00
愛與雨下: 違規(guī)存檔, 請注意版規(guī) 2012-05-10 18:43:19
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Method for detection of trace organic compounds, and removal processes Related machinery and equipment in the long-running process, due to seals and other problems lead to a small amount of oil, lubricants, etc., to enter a water system, these mineral oil into the water system not only cause water pollution, and also affects the normal operation or work, Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the depth of the water system mineral oil to remove the process. Under reducing conditions, azo compounds may generate carcinogenic aromatic amines may cause potential harm to the environment and human health, the photocatalytic oxidation method with the traditional method of water treatment compared with the degradation of speed, low energy consumption, pollutant degradation rate advantages, this paper developed a photocatalytic functional materials, and verify its effect on the trace of methyl orange degradation 1, the method for detection of oil in water. Verified through a series of experiments the UV standard curve method, the UV working curve method, infrared absorption feature detection method, infrared oil content analyzer method, and total organic carbon detection accuracy of the detection of trace oil. Experiment showed that the average relative deviation of the detection of UV standard curve method for 11.72%, 4.63% average relative deviation of the UV working curve method, infrared absorption features detected 4 cm than the average relative deviation of the assay cuvette was 2.6%, the infrared absorption feature detection of 1 cm than the average relative deviation of the assay cuvette 1.72%, JDS-106U IR Oil detected average relative deviation of 0.99%, 0.83% average relative deviation of JDS-106A IR Oil detected ; the TOC-VCPH total organic carbon detector testing, the average relative deviation of 1.7%. 2, the depth of oil in water removal process. First select the expansion of the graphite materials as oil-absorbing function, verified by static tests of expanded graphite can of oil in water concentration from 20 ppm to 1 ppm, and soak for 15 d had no significant effect on the suction effect of expandable graphite, the subject also examines the adsorption time, temperature, pH, stirring speed, stirring time, the expansion of graphite oil absorption and water absorption, observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology of the expandable graphite, expandable graphite oil absorption mechanism, and design expansion of the pretreatment process of graphite and expandable graphite depth degreasing process; followed by static tests and dynamic tests compared the PP oil-absorbing fibers and polyester oil absorption and oil absorption of the fiber, polypropylene fiber as the oil-absorbing function of the subject material, the effects of the initial concentration, recycling the impact of the oil absorption rate of water flow rate and adsorption temperature; Finally, experimental verification of the dual-wavelength ultraviolet light (185 nm +254 nm). the degradation effects of the oil in water, while a separate 185 nm UV light or 254 nm ultraviolet light oil in water significant degradation effect, subject also discussed the degradation mechanism of the dual-wavelength ultraviolet light oil in water, while the experimental verification of the dual-wavelength ultraviolet light with oil-absorbing fiber co 108 h, the removal of oil in water, and gives the joint operation of the device under the operating results. |
2樓2012-05-10 17:02:18
lah77
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★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ...
xuefong111: 金幣+100, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案 2012-05-11 12:55:25
xuefong111: 金幣+100, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案 2012-05-11 12:55:25
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A small amount of engine oil and lubricant will enter into water system because of sealing problem in the long-term operation of mechanical equipments. These engine oil and lubricant will not only pollute the water but also affect the normal operation and working of mechanical equipments. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out research on the remove technology of mineral oils in water. Azo compounds are likely to generate carcinogenic aromatic amines under reducing conditions, which will cause potential harm to environment and human health. Research on the removal of Azo compounds in water is significantly important to environmental protection. Research on the degradation technology of methyl orange which is a typical azo compound is very to environmental engineering. Establishment of detection method of oil in the water. This thesis proved the accuracy of detection method of trace oil in water including ultraviolent calibration curve method, ultraviolent working curve method, infrared absorption characteristic detection method, infrared oil content analyzer method and total organic carbon detection method by a series of experiments. The results show that the average relative deviation of ultraviolent calibration curve method is 11.72%; the average relative deviation of ultraviolent working curve method is 4.63%; the average relative deviation of 4 cm cuvette infrared absorption characteristic detection method is 2.6%; the average relative deviation of 1 cm cuvette infrared absorption characteristic detection method is 1.72%; the average relative deviation of JDS-106A infrared oil content analyzer method is 0.83% and the average relative deviation of TOC-VCPH total organic carbon detection method is 1.7%. Advanced removal technology of oil in water. First, we chose exfoliated graphite (EG) as oil absorption function material and proved that EG can decrease the concentration of oil in the water from 20 ppm to under 1 ppm by static experiments, and the oil absorption performance of EG is not affected after soaked in water for 15d. The influences of absorption time, temperature, pH values, stirring speed and time on the oil and water absorption performance of EG were studied. The micro morphology of EG was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). We discussed the oil absorption mechanism of EG and designed the pretreatment technology of EG and advanced oil removes technology of EG. Second, compared the performance of polypropylene fiber with that of polyester fiber by static and dynamic experiments, we chose polypropylene fiber as oil absorption function material. The influences of initial concentration, flow velocity of circulating water and absorption temperature on the oil absorption rate were studied. At last, we found that dual wavelength ultraviolent light (185 n m and 254 nm) can effectively degrade oil in the water but single wavelength ultraviolent light (185 nm or 254 nm) has no obvious degradation effect on oil. We also discussed the oil degradation mechanism of dual wavelength ultraviolent light. |
3樓2012-05-11 10:13:43
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