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在對農(nóng)田水利的社會學研究現(xiàn)狀梳理的基礎上,分析了關中灌區(qū)農(nóng)田水利的制度基礎、組織基礎和文化基礎。利用問卷調(diào)查法收集了關中灌區(qū)扶風縣杏林鎮(zhèn)西柏坡村120位村民對本地區(qū)農(nóng)田水利的使用現(xiàn)狀及存在問題的第一手資料。調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)灌溉成本偏高,人們能接受的水價是每畝40多元,而實際水價為100多元。制度不透明,地方政府和水利部門的制度制訂缺乏農(nóng)民參與,一些有關農(nóng)田用水的制度和會議許多人不知道不參加,農(nóng)民對農(nóng)田水利建設投入的積極性越來越低。管理缺失,表現(xiàn)為地方政府管理農(nóng)村水利的缺位和越位。并進而探討了農(nóng)田水利的發(fā)展方向和農(nóng)田水利建設和基層管理有效結(jié)合的途徑在于:實施斗渠距離補償機制、將基層水利設施管理深入村莊、建立政府引導的新型農(nóng)民用水者協(xié)會等。 [ Last edited by 妖妖今夕何夕 on 2013-1-3 at 09:21 ] |

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This article analyzes systematic, organizational and cultural foundation of farmland water conservancy in Guanzhong irrigation system on the basis of current sociological research on the farmland water conservancy. A questionnaire was carried out among 120 villagers of Xibaipo Village, Xinglin Town, Fufeng County, Guanzhong irrigation District. First-hand information about the farmland water conservancy current using status and problems was collected. It was found that irrigation costs are higher than farmer’s expectation. People expect the water price by about 40 RMB per acre, while the actual water price is over 100 RMB per acre. Local governments and water conservancy departments carry out rules without famers’ participation leads to an opaque system. Many villagers are not familiar with the water conservancy rules and meetings, and certainly they do not participate in, and the farmers’ enthusiasm to construct of water conservancy works was frustrated. The absence and offside of local government water conservancy management reflect management system deficiencies. In order to seek the effective combination of water conservancy direction, construction and management, the following suggestions, for example, implement lateral canals distance compensation mechanism, develop the primary water conservancy facilities to villages and establish WUA with government guidance are highly recommended. |
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