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myIDname木蟲 (著名寫手)
人民大會(huì)堂首席清潔工
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[交流]
2013/1/25 NOW@SCIENCE之二:歐洲核聚變發(fā)展藍(lán)圖 已有1人參與
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Science的news of week本周第二條,原文鏈接:http://www.sciencemag.org/content/339/6118/378.1.full.pdf Culham, U.K. 2 Fusion Road Map for Europe 歐洲核聚變發(fā)展藍(lán)圖 The European Fusion Development Agreement has published its road map to move fusion research forward from ITER—a giant international reactor under construction in France that will be the first to produce useful amounts of energy—to an industry-ready prototype fusion power plant by 2050. ITER is expected to produce the first net energy gain from fusion: 500 mega watts from a 50 MW input for a few minutes at a time. 歐洲核聚變發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)組織發(fā)布了自己的路線圖,要從ITER—一個(gè)國(guó)際合作完成的大型反應(yīng)堆,目前在法國(guó)建造中。它將會(huì)是第一個(gè)能產(chǎn)生可供使用能源的核聚變反應(yīng)堆—繼續(xù)向前邁進(jìn),到2050年之前,研發(fā)出可以工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)的核聚變發(fā)電站模型。預(yù)計(jì)ITER第一次能通過(guò)核聚變反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生出的富余能量:一次幾分鐘的運(yùn)行中,50兆瓦的能量輸入產(chǎn)生500兆瓦的能量。 The next step will be a prototype power plant dubbed DEMO—but the road map notes a daunting list of technical hurdles to this. Those challenges include more work on how to extract exhaust heat— current designs wouldn’t survive the high power and continuous operation of DEMO. Advanced materials able to withstand the intense neutron bombardment from DEMO’s reactions will also be needed, along with new ways to use those neutrons to breed more tritium fuel for fusion in the lining of the reactor. With any luck, DEMO might start generating power in the early 2040s. 下一步計(jì)劃是建造一個(gè)名為DEMO的核聚變發(fā)電站模型,然而路線圖中卻特別指出了一系列讓人頗為沮喪的技術(shù)難題,其中包括如何把產(chǎn)生的熱量抽取出來(lái),就DEMO目前的設(shè)計(jì)而言,還不能實(shí)現(xiàn)高功率和連續(xù)運(yùn)行。由于DEMO聚變反應(yīng)中中子的高強(qiáng)度轟擊,對(duì)耐轟擊先進(jìn)材料的需求也迫在眉睫。此外,還需要探索新方法來(lái)使用中子為反應(yīng)堆內(nèi)襯發(fā)生的核聚變產(chǎn)生更多的氚燃料。如果運(yùn)氣好的話,DEMO可能會(huì)在本世紀(jì)40年代初期開始啟用。 *************************************************************** Science的原文和本翻譯僅用于網(wǎng)友交流學(xué)習(xí)之用,若您有其它用途,比如商業(yè)用途等,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系Science雜志社了解原文使用權(quán)等相關(guān)事宜。謝謝! [ Last edited by myIDname on 2013-2-2 at 11:50 ] |

木蟲 (著名寫手)
人民大會(huì)堂首席清潔工

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