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qccan金蟲 (小有名氣)
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Graphene is made of a single layer of carbon atoms that are densely packed into a honeycomb lattice. It is an attractive material with outstanding electrical, mechanical and chemical properties that can be used as transparent electrodes for various applications in flexible electronics [10–17]. Since the discovery of the first isolated graphene obtained by mechanical exfoliation of bulk graphite [10], many chemical approaches for obtaining large-scale graphene have been developed, including epitaxial growth of graphene on silicon carbide [18, 19] and ruthenium [20] as well as the approach to produce (reduced graphene oxide, RGO) sheets by a simple solution dispersion process [21–24]. Table 1 summarizes four representative methods for obtaining graphene films. The graphene obtained from the mechanical exfoliation method shows excellent properties but it is impossible to utilize it for large-scale practical applications. Epitaxial growth allows us to produce high-quality multilayer graphene samples. However, SiC substrates are relatively expensive, and the scale of synthesis is limited by the size of SiC wafers. In addition, it is difficult 2 to transfer graphene from SiC to an arbitrary substrate, which is essential for the use of graphene for transparent electrodes. The self-assembly of dispersed graphene sheets in solution demonstrates the possibility of low-cost synthesis and the fabrication of large-scale graphene films. However, the assembled graphene films have relatively poor electrical conductivity owing to the high interlayer junction contact resistance and the structural defects formed during the oxidation and reduction processes. Thus, we can conclude that synthesis by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods is expected to be the most suitable for large-scale and high- quality graphene film production to be used as transparent electrodes. The CVD-grown graphene films can be successfully transferred onto arbitrary substrates with various methods as shown in figure 2 [25–29]. Lee et al [29] recently reported a wafer-scale synthesis and transfer method that utilizes poly-di-methyl-siloxane (PDMS) or thermal-release tape as polymer supports to transfer graphene from on-metal layers to target substrates. The CVD-grown graphene can also be transferred by using spin-coated poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA) polymer films [26–28]. Li et al [28] found that the graphene transfer yield can be improved by introducing a second PMMA coating on top of the first PMMA/graphene layer because of the enhanced mechanical strength. However, the scale is also limited below the size of wafers because the PMMA layer has to be spin-coated on flat and rigid substrates. In order to overcome the limitation of previous methods, Bae et al [30] developed a roll-to-roll transfer method utilizing thermal release tapes as shown in figure 3. The roll-to-roll method is easy to scale-up and also allows simple layer-by-layer (LBL) multiple transfers combined with the doping of individual layers that can enhance the sheet resistance of graphene. |
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2樓2013-04-22 16:07:08
ruiyuan121
木蟲 (著名寫手)
- 翻譯EPI: 6
- 應(yīng)助: 49 (小學(xué)生)
- 金幣: 4842.1
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- 蟲號(hào): 1133811
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- 專業(yè): 無機(jī)非金屬類光電信息與功
【答案】應(yīng)助回帖
★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
愛與雨下: 金幣+2 2013-04-24 21:01:55
qccan: 金幣+25, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★很有幫助, 非常感謝，這應(yīng)助俺就收下了。。。金幣答謝了 2013-04-24 23:31:42
愛與雨下: 金幣+2 2013-04-24 21:01:55
qccan: 金幣+25, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★很有幫助, 非常感謝，這應(yīng)助俺就收下了。。。金幣答謝了 2013-04-24 23:31:42
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提前說明，本人也不是高手，一起學(xué)習(xí)，個(gè)別專業(yè)詞匯，還需樓主斟酌。當(dāng)然我也有不會(huì)的。 Graphene is made of a single layer of carbon atoms that are densely packed into a honeycomb lattice. 石墨烯是由密集成蜂窩狀晶格的碳原子的單層結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成。 It is an attractive material with outstanding electrical, mechanical and chemical properties that can be used as transparent electrodes for various applications in flexible electronics [10–17]. 由于其良好的電氣性質(zhì)、機(jī)械性質(zhì)和化學(xué)性質(zhì)，石墨烯作為透明電極廣泛應(yīng)用于柔性電子產(chǎn)業(yè)。 Since the discovery of the first isolated graphene obtained by mechanical exfoliation of bulk graphite [10], many chemical approaches for obtaining large-scale graphene have been developed, including epitaxial growth of graphene on silicon carbide [18, 19] and ruthenium [20] as well as the approach to produce (reduced graphene oxide, RGO) sheets by a simple solution dispersion process [21–24]. 自從對(duì)塊狀石墨進(jìn)行機(jī)械剝離時(shí)第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)分離的石墨烯，人們開始開發(fā)許多制取石墨烯的方法，包括石墨烯在碳化硅和釕的表面的外延生長(zhǎng)，以及利用簡(jiǎn)單的溶液分散過程來制�。ㄟ�原氧化石墨烯）。 Table 1 summarizes four representative methods for obtaining graphene films. 表1.總結(jié)了四種典型的制取石墨烯薄膜的方法 The graphene obtained from the mechanical exfoliation method shows excellent properties but it is impossible to utilize it for large-scale practical applications. 機(jī)械剝離法制得的石墨烯具有良好的性質(zhì)，但是無法用于大規(guī)模的實(shí)際應(yīng)用。 Epitaxial growth allows us to produce high-quality multilayer graphene samples. 外延生長(zhǎng)法可以制取優(yōu)質(zhì)的多層石墨烯。 However, SiC substrates are relatively expensive, and the scale of synthesis is limited by the size of SiC wafers. 但是 碳化硅基底相對(duì)昂貴，并且生產(chǎn)規(guī)模受碳化硅膜片大小的限制。 In addition, it is difficult to transfer graphene from SiC to an arbitrary substrate, which is essential for the use of graphene for transparent electrodes. 另外，石墨烯應(yīng)用于透明電極時(shí)，很難將其從碳化硅的表面轉(zhuǎn)移到其他的基底上。 The self-assembly of dispersed graphene sheets in solution demonstrates the possibility of low-cost synthesis and the fabrication of large-scale graphene films. 溶液中分散石墨烯薄片的自組裝一種低成本的合成以及可以生產(chǎn)大型石墨烯薄膜。 However, the assembled graphene films have relatively poor electrical conductivity owing to the high interlayer junction contact resistance and the structural defects formed during the oxidation and reduction processes. 然而，由于高隔層結(jié)接觸電阻和在氧化還原反應(yīng)過程中造成的結(jié)構(gòu)缺陷，自組裝石墨烯薄膜的導(dǎo)電性相對(duì)較差。 Thus, we can conclude that synthesis by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods is expected to be the most suitable for large-scale and high-quality graphene film production to be used as transparent electrodes. 因此，化學(xué)氣相沉積（CVD）應(yīng)該是最適合生產(chǎn)用于透明電極的大型優(yōu)質(zhì)石墨烯薄膜的方法。 The CVD-grown graphene films can be successfully transferred onto arbitrary substrates with various methods as shown in figure 2 [25–29]. 化學(xué)氣相沉積法制得的石墨烯薄膜可以轉(zhuǎn)移到任意的基底上，方法如圖2所示。 Lee et al [29] recently reported a wafer-scale synthesis and transfer method that utilizes poly-di-methyl-siloxane (PDMS) or thermal-release tape as polymer supports to transfer graphene from on-metal layers to target substrates. 最近Lee的科研小組報(bào)導(dǎo)了一種圓片規(guī)模合成和轉(zhuǎn)移方法，他們用聚甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）和熱釋放磁帶作為高聚物載體將石墨烯從技術(shù)表面轉(zhuǎn)移到目標(biāo)基底上。 The CVD-grown graphene can also be transferred by using spin-coated poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA) polymer films [26–28]. 化學(xué)氣相沉積制得的石墨烯也可以用旋涂聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）聚合物薄膜的方法轉(zhuǎn)移。 Li et al [28] found that the graphene transfer yield can be improved by introducing a second PMMA coating on top of the first PMMA/grapheme layer because of the enhanced mechanical strength. Li的科研小組發(fā)現(xiàn)在第一層聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）薄膜上再涂一層聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA），由于增強(qiáng)了機(jī)械強(qiáng)度，進(jìn)而改善了石墨烯轉(zhuǎn)移的量。 However, the scale is also limited below the size of wafers because the PMMA layer has to be spin-coated on flat and rigid substrates. 然而，由于PMMA層必須旋涂在平面剛性基底上，石墨烯轉(zhuǎn)移的規(guī)模也受膜片大小的限制。 In order to overcome the limitation of previous methods, Bae et al [30] developed a roll-to-roll transfer method utilizing thermal release tapes as shown in figure 3. 為了突破以上方法的限制，Bae等人利用熱釋放磁帶發(fā)明了一種卷式轉(zhuǎn)移方法，如圖3所示。 The roll-to-roll method is easy to scale-up and also allows simple layer-by-layer (LBL) multiple transfers combined with the doping of individual layers that can enhance the sheet resistance of graphene. 卷式法易于擴(kuò)大規(guī)模并且也可以逐層結(jié)合摻雜單層的多個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)移，這樣加強(qiáng)了石墨烯的薄層電阻。 |
3樓2013-04-24 14:45:42
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