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Non-radioactive labels such as fluorescent, chemi- or bio-luminiscent labels are being used extensively for detection of biomolecules in nanogram or microgram quantities and are replacing the traditional and accurate but intrinsically hazardous radioactive labels [1]. Recently, Jaouen and others have explored a new method for labeling protein and other biomolecules with transition metal carbonyl compounds such as Arene-Cr(CO)3 [2] and Fischer carbene complexes [3,6], etc. Fischer carbene complexes [4] are especially attractive because of their extraordinarily high reactivity towards pendent amino groups of biomolecules and characteristic strong IR signals [5] at 1900–2100 cm1 in the IR absorption where no organic molecule absorbs. However, Fischer carbene complexes are generally hydrophobic and insoluble in aqueous medium. This presents a serious bottleneck for their adaptation to biological applications. Mixtures of solvents such as water/acetonitrile have been used [6] but proteins tend to loose their conformational integrity (hence catalytic function) in such mixed medium [7] and might thus interfere with assay results. This prompted us to design and develop synthesis of water-soluble Fischer carbene complexes that are biocompatible. To impart hydrophilicity to a Fischer carbene core, it appeared to us, one could incorporate a sugar moiety [8], an ionic group like NMeþ 3 or an oligoethylene glycol/polyethylene glycol (OEG/PEG) tether (Chart 1). The present study deals with the last two possibilities. It may be pertinent to mention that incorporation of polyethylene glycol (peg) to the Fischer carbene complex would also constitute a method for the pegylation of a protein [9]. Pegylation is the process incorporating PEG chains to a molecule [10]. Pegylated drugs or proteins exhibit increased stability (more resistant to proteolysis), decreased immunogenicity and increased circulating life [11]. In some cases peg conjugation was also found to confer targeting properties to the disease site such as tumor masses by passive diffusion [12]. Effectiveness of pegylation has been demonstrated by the discovery of pegylated drugs such as PEG-IFN-a2 which, in combination with ribavirin, is considered as the gold standard of therapy for hepatitis C [13]. In the present study, we report synthesis of relatively hydrophilic Fischer carbene complexes several of which feature PEG/OEG groups. |
禁蟲 (文壇精英)
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非放射性標(biāo)記,如熒光,化學(xué)或 生物luminiscent標(biāo)簽被廣泛使用 在納克或微克分子檢測(cè) 數(shù)量和正在取代傳統(tǒng)的和準(zhǔn)確的 但本質(zhì)上危險(xiǎn)的放射性標(biāo)記的[ 1 ]。最近, jaouen和其他人已經(jīng)探索了一種新方法 與過渡標(biāo)記蛋白質(zhì)和其它生物分子 如芳烴鉻金屬羰基化合物(CO)3 [ 2 ]菲舍爾卡賓絡(luò)合物[ 3 ],等菲舍爾卡賓 配合物[ 4 ]是特別有吸引力,因?yàn)?br /> 他們非常高反應(yīng)性對(duì)側(cè) 生物分子和特色強(qiáng)氨基 紅外信號(hào)[ 5 ] 1900–2100厘米 1的紅外吸收 在沒有有機(jī)分子吸收。 然而,菲舍爾卡賓絡(luò)合物一般 在水溶液中的疏水性和不溶性。這 提出了為適應(yīng)一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的瓶頸 生物學(xué)中的應(yīng)用。溶劑如混合物 水/乙腈已經(jīng)使用[ 6 ],但蛋白質(zhì)往往 松散的構(gòu)象完整性(因此催化 功能)等混合介質(zhì)[ 7 ],因此可能 干擾試驗(yàn)結(jié)果。這促使我們的設(shè)計(jì) 和發(fā)展菲舍爾卡賓合成水溶性 配合物,生物相容性。具有親水性 一個(gè)菲舍爾卡賓的核心,在我們看來,一個(gè) 可以將一個(gè)糖部分[ 8 ],離子組一樣 NME與荊棘; 3或低聚乙二醇/聚乙烯乙二醇 (OEG / PEG)系繩(圖1)。目前的研究 與去年的兩種可能性。 可以說,將有關(guān) 聚乙二醇(PEG)的菲舍爾卡賓絡(luò)合物 也構(gòu)成對(duì) 聚乙二醇化的一種方法 蛋白[ 9 ]。聚乙二醇化是將PEG的過程 鏈分子[ 10 ]。聚乙二醇的藥物或蛋白 表現(xiàn)出更高的穩(wěn)定性(更多的抗水解), 免疫原性降低和增加循環(huán)壽命 11。在某些情況下還發(fā)現(xiàn)PEG共軛 賦予靶向特性的疾病如腫瘤部位 通過被動(dòng)擴(kuò)散[ 12 ]群眾。有效性 聚乙二醇化已經(jīng)被發(fā)現(xiàn)了 聚乙二醇的藥物如peg-ifn-a2,組合 利巴韋林,被認(rèn)為是黃金標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 的C型肝炎治療[ 13 ]。在目前的 研究中,我們報(bào)告的相對(duì)親水性的合成 菲舍爾卡賓絡(luò)合物中的若干特征 聚乙二醇/ OEG組。 ©2013 Baidu 使用百度前必讀|手機(jī)版|百度翻 |
至尊木蟲 (文壇精英)
巫山云

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