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The amount of montmorillonite (MMT) in each extruded batch was determined by placing the central portion of a tensile bar or Izod bar in a furnace at 900 ℃ for 45 min and weighing the remaining MMT ash with appropriate correction for loss of structural water during incineration. Thin sections for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis were microtomed from the central and skin regions of an Izod bar; the cuts were made parallel and perpendicular to the flow direction ca. 3e4 cm away from the far end of a 13 cm Izod bar and halfway between the top and bottom surfaces of the bar. These sections were viewed in the three orthogonal directions, flow direction (FD), transverse direction(TD), and normal direction (ND). The related nomenclature can be found elsewhere [27e29]. TEM image analyses were made on a view observed parallel to the transverse direction, or TD (FDeND plane) in this paper; the morphologies viewed parallel to the flow direction, or FD (TDeND plane), and parallel to the normal direction, or ND (FDeTD plane), will be presented in subsequent papers. Ultra-thin sections ranging from 50 to 70 nm in thickness were cryogenically cut with a diamond knife at temperatures of 65 C for the specimen and 58 C for the knife using an RMC PowerTome XL ultramicrotome. Sections were collected on 300 mesh copper TEM grids and subsequently dried with filter paper. The sections were examined by TEM using a JEOL 2010F TEM with a LaB6 filament operating at an accelerating voltage of 120 kV. |
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至尊木蟲 (文壇精英)
純純家族之長發(fā)MM
| 蒙脫土(MMT)在每個擠出量批量確定放置在爐內(nèi)張力桿或懸臂梁桿的中心部分在900 ℃45分鐘和稱量剩下的蒙脫土灰與結(jié)構(gòu)水的損失在焚燒過程中適當?shù)男U。透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)分析的薄切片的顯微切片從懸臂梁桿中心和皮膚區(qū)域;削減是平行和垂直于流動方向約3E4厘米的距離從13厘米的懸臂梁桿的遠端和中間的頂部和底部表面之間的酒吧。這些部分在三個正交方向上看,流動方向(FD),橫向(TD),和正常的方向(ND)。相關(guān)術(shù)語可以在其他地方找到[ 27e29 ]。TEM圖像分析上觀察平行的橫向方向,或TD(fdend平面)在本文中;形貌觀察的流動方向平行,或FD(tdend平面),和法線方向平行,或Nd(fdetd平面),將在隨后的論文。超薄切片的范圍從50到70 nm的厚度在低溫切割使用RMC powertome XL超薄切片機的刀的標本和58 C 65 C的溫度 鉆石刀。切片收集300目銅TEM網(wǎng)格和隨后干燥濾紙。切片的TEM使用JEOL 2010f TEM與LaB6燈絲在加速電壓為120 kV操作檢查。 |

金蟲 (著名寫手)
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通過把拉力試棒或艾氏沖擊試驗棒的中心部位放入熔爐中于900℃45分鐘,然后稱定剩余的蒙脫土灰并適當修正灼燒期間結(jié)構(gòu)水損失量來測定每個擠出批次蒙脫土(MMT)的量。 用于透射電子顯微術(shù)(TEM)分析的薄試片是從艾氏沖擊試驗棒的中心和表層切片的;這些切口平行或垂直于流向,距13厘米的艾氏沖擊試驗棒的末端3-4厘米,位于試棒上下表面的中間部分。從三個正交方向,流向(FD)、橫向(TD)和垂直方向(ND)目測觀察薄片。涉及的這些術(shù)語也可能在別處見到[27-29]。于本文中是通過目測觀察平行于橫向或TD(FD-ND平面)進行透射電子顯微術(shù)圖像分析;平行于流向或FD(TD-ND平面)和平行于垂直方向或ND(FD-TD平面)表面形狀目測觀察將于后文涉及。50到70納米厚的超薄型試片是采用低溫切割的,用金剛石刀片時試樣于65℃中,使用RMC PowerTome XL超薄切片機刀片則于58℃中。試片用300目TEM銅網(wǎng)收集并隨后用濾紙弄干。試片通過使用帶有LaB6燈絲并于120千伏加速電壓運作的JEOL 2010F透射式電子顯微鏡進行檢驗。 |
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