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monanfang03鐵蟲 (小有名氣)
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[求助]
文獻(xiàn)翻譯 關(guān)于化學(xué)的 英譯漢 三段50金幣 謝謝幫忙啊
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Polymerization involving carbon dioxide is one of the most important utilizations of carbon dioxide. Polycarbonate formation without using phosgene, an alternating copolymerization with an epoxide, a condensation with benzenedimethanol and an alternating copolymerization with diynes, etc., can be exemplified. Especially, the polycarbonate formation without using phosgene, and the alternating copolymerization with the epoxide were already industrially applied. Asahi Chemical Industry already started the 50,000 tons/year commercial operation of a polycarbonate process without using phosgene and methylene chloride in June 2002 in Taiwan as a new environmentally benign process [157,158,158a]. The Asahi’s polycarbonate process was carried out by the following four production steps: (1) ethylenecarbonate (EC), (2) dimethylcarbonate (DMC) and ethylene glycol (EG) and (3) diphenylcarbonate (DPC) and polymerization, as shown in Scheme 8 [157]. The DPC is manufactured by the reaction of DMC with phenol in the presence of Pb(OPh)2 as a catalyst [158b]. The polymerization proceeds with two processes. The first process is the solid-state polymerization of amorphous polymers in three steps: (1) pre-polymerization; the reaction of the DPC with bisphenol A to produce a clear amorphous prepolymer; (2) crystallization; the molten prepolymer is converted to a porous, white, opaque material by treating it with a solvent such as acetone; (3) solid-state polymerization; the crystallized prepolymer is heated at 210–220 8C under a flow of heated nitrogen, or under a reduced pressure to produce a solid polymer. The second process is ‘‘self-mixing melt polymerization’’ utilizing gravity and without using a conventional twinscrew type reactor. The polymerization was carried out at 265 8C and 67 Pa. A prepolymer having a number average molecular weight of 6200 is polymerized to the molecular weight 11,700 [158b,158c] [ Last edited by monanfang03 on 2013-5-3 at 19:04 ] |
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二氧化碳的聚合反應(yīng)是二氧化碳最重要的應(yīng)用之一。不使用光氣的聚碳酸酯合成,環(huán)氧化合物的交替共聚反應(yīng),苯二甲醇縮合反應(yīng)以及雙炔類化合物的交替共聚反應(yīng)等可以作為例證。特別是不使用光氣的聚碳酸酯合成與環(huán)氧化合物的交替共聚反應(yīng)已經(jīng)在工業(yè)上得到應(yīng)用。 朝日化工已于2002年6月開始在臺灣采用不使用光氣和二氯甲烷的新型環(huán)境友好工藝實(shí)現(xiàn)了年產(chǎn)50,000噸聚碳酸酯的商業(yè)化生產(chǎn)。朝日化工的聚碳酸酯工藝通過以下四個生產(chǎn)步驟實(shí)施:(1)碳酸乙烯酯(EC),(2)碳酸二甲酯(DMC)和乙二醇(EG),(3)碳酸二苯酯(DPC) 以及聚合反應(yīng),如圖8所示[157]。 DPC是在Pb(OPh)2為催化劑的條件下由DMC與苯酚反應(yīng)生成的[158b]。聚合反應(yīng)分兩個步驟進(jìn)行。第一個步驟是非晶態(tài)聚合物固相縮聚的三個階段(1)預(yù)聚合; DPC與雙酚A反應(yīng)合成一種清潔的非晶態(tài)預(yù)聚物;(2)結(jié)晶;熔融的預(yù)聚物經(jīng)過例如丙酮的一類溶劑處理后轉(zhuǎn)化為一種不透明的白色多孔材料;(3)固相縮聚;預(yù)聚物在熱氮?dú)饬骰驕p壓條件下于210-220℃加熱合成固態(tài)聚合物。第二個步驟采用利用重力的"自混合熔融聚合"而沒有使用傳統(tǒng)的雙螺旋槳型反應(yīng)器。聚合反應(yīng)在265℃,67Pa的條件下進(jìn)行。數(shù)均分子量為6200的預(yù)聚物經(jīng)聚合反應(yīng)后分子量達(dá)到11,700 [ 158b,158c]。 |
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金蟲 (著名寫手)
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二氧化碳的聚合反應(yīng)是二氧化碳應(yīng)用的最重要的方面之一。例如,非光氣法生成聚碳酸酯,與環(huán)氧物交替共聚,與苯二甲醇縮合以及與雙炔類化合物交替共聚等。特別是非光氣法生產(chǎn)聚碳酸酯和與環(huán)氧物交替共聚已經(jīng)在工業(yè)上得到應(yīng)用。 應(yīng)用一種新的環(huán)境友好的工藝,旭化成工業(yè)公司已于2002年六月在臺灣開始了年產(chǎn)50,000噸聚碳酸酯非光氣和二氯甲烷法的工業(yè)運(yùn)行。旭化成的聚碳酸酯工藝是通過下列四個生產(chǎn)步驟具體實(shí)施的 1) 碳酸乙烯酯(EC), (2) 碳酸二甲酯 (DMC) 和乙二醇 (EG) (3) 碳酸二苯酯 (DPC) 以及聚合反應(yīng),如圖8所示[157]。碳酸二苯酯是通過碳酸二甲酯在Pb(OPh)2催化劑存在下與苯酚反應(yīng)而制造的[158b]。 聚合反應(yīng)分兩個步驟進(jìn)行。第一個步驟是非晶態(tài)聚合物的三段式固態(tài)聚合 1) 預(yù)聚合;碳酸二苯酯與雙酚A反應(yīng)生成一種澄明的非晶形預(yù)聚合物; (2) 結(jié)晶;通過用丙酮一類的溶劑處理把熔融的預(yù)聚合物轉(zhuǎn)化為一種疏松的白色的不透明材料;(3) 固態(tài)聚合;于210-220℃,熱氮?dú)饬飨禄驕p壓下加熱結(jié)晶的預(yù)聚合物以生成一種固態(tài)聚合物。第二個步驟是利用重力而不是使用傳統(tǒng)的雙螺旋槳型反應(yīng)器的"自混合熔融聚合"。聚合反應(yīng)于265℃67帕下進(jìn)行。均分子量6200的預(yù)聚合物聚合為分子量11,700 [ 158b,158c]。 |
金蟲 (著名寫手)
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