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幫忙翻譯化學(xué)論文中的英文 英譯漢4
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| 4. Xia et al. previously used Cu nanowire (CuNW) templated Pt nanotubes (PtNTs (Cu)) in the study of formic acid oxidation. 12 Although the activity of PtNTs (Cu) was signi fi cantly higher than Pt/C, the Pt utilization was low (PtNT wall thickness of 12 nm); furthermore, the templated growth directions were not preserved and ORR activity was not examined. PtNTs (Cu) were initially studied for ORR activity because of the low cost and facile synthesis of CuNWs in comparison to AgNWs. Preliminary analysis concluded that PtNTs (Cu) produced an area activity signi fi cantly larger than the DOE target and PtNTs (Ag). PtNTs (Cu), however, produced a dollar activity of 1.9 A $ −1 ; to meet a dollar activity benchmark using a CuNW template, the Pt loading needed to be signi fi cantly reduced (to 19 wt % Pt) while maintaining a high ORR area activity. CuNWs further provide an acceptable substrate because Pt tends to segregate on a Cu surface (−0.04 eV atom −1 for a Pt impurity on a Cu host), preventing Pt from migrating into the CuNW core. 11 In addition, Cu has a low dissolution potential (0.159 V) and can be easily removed electrochemically. Pt coated CuNWs (Pt/CuNWs) were therefore synthesized by the partial galvanic displacement of CuNWs. Pt loadings were optimized for catalyst cost and stability; the resulting Pt/CuNW catalyst examined in this study was found to be highly active and durable for ORR. This study was completed simultaneously with work performed by Pivovar et al. at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory on CuNW synthesis and the electrochemical characterization of PtNTs (Cu). 13,14 |
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| 4。 Xia等曾用的銅納米線(CuNW)為模板的Pt納米管(PtNTs(銅))對(duì)蟻酸氧化進(jìn)行研究。12雖然PtNTs(銅)的活性與Pt / C更高,Pt利用率較低(PTNT壁厚為12nm );而且,模板化延長(zhǎng)方向沒(méi)有保留和ORR活性沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)檢查。 PtNTs(Cu)首先用于ORR活性乃因?yàn)镃uNWs與AgNWs相比易于合成且成本低。初步分析認(rèn)為,PtNTs(銅)產(chǎn)生的區(qū)域活性明顯大于美國(guó)能源部的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和PtNTs(銀)。然而, PtNTs(銅)每一美元成本產(chǎn)生1.9美元活性,要滿足使用CuNW模板單位美元活性的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),Pt負(fù)載需要顯著減少(至19%重量的Pt)并同時(shí)保持高ORR區(qū)域活性。 CuNWs進(jìn)而提供一個(gè)可接受的基板,因?yàn)殂K傾向于隔離在Cu表面(銅主體上每一原子Pt雜質(zhì)-0.04 eV),防止從鉑遷移到CuNW核心。 11此外,銅具有低的溶解電位(0.159 V),很容易電化學(xué)去除。鉑涂層CuNWs(鉑/ CuNWs)由于CuNWs的局部電位移動(dòng)被合成。Pt負(fù)載量以催化成本和穩(wěn)定性優(yōu)化;產(chǎn)生的Pt / CuNW催化劑經(jīng)研究后在本研究中被認(rèn)為是高活性和耐用的ORR催化劑。這項(xiàng)研究利用了由Pivovar等人在國(guó)家可再生能源實(shí)驗(yàn)室的CuNW合成和PtNTs(銅)電化學(xué)特性的工作。 13,14 |

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