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HYZ221314至尊木蟲 (職業(yè)作家)
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Cancer Research :研究確認(rèn)惡性生殖細(xì)胞腫瘤分子開關(guān)
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最近,英國劍橋大學(xué)研究人員稱,一種名為LIN28的蛋白在惡性生殖細(xì)胞腫瘤的形成過程中起著重要作用,是促發(fā)癌癥的關(guān)鍵“開關(guān)”。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對于開發(fā)新的惡性生殖細(xì)胞腫瘤治療方法具有重要意義。 惡性生殖細(xì)胞腫瘤是一種各個年齡段男女都可能罹患的癌癥,如睪丸癌、卵巢癌皆屬于此列。雖然目前的化療療法可在一定程度上治療該類疾病,但化療產(chǎn)生的副作用也很嚴(yán)重,會損害患者的聽力,造成腎臟、肺葉以及骨髓損傷。 在該項研究中,劍橋大學(xué)研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),所有的惡性生殖細(xì)胞腫瘤中都含有大量的LIN28蛋白,該種蛋白增多會降低let-7調(diào)節(jié)分子的水平;而反過來,let-7調(diào)節(jié)分子水平降低,也會增加細(xì)胞中多種促癌蛋白的含量,其中就包括LIN28蛋白。研究人員稱,這是一個惡性循環(huán),在這個過程中,LIN28蛋白起著關(guān)鍵作用,是這一循環(huán)的“開關(guān)”,它影響著癌細(xì)胞的多種屬性。 研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn),通過降低細(xì)胞內(nèi)LIN28蛋白含量,或者直接增加let-7分子水平,是可以逆轉(zhuǎn)這種惡性循環(huán)的。這兩種方法都可以降低促癌蛋白的水平,抑制癌細(xì)胞生長。 研究人員指出,新發(fā)現(xiàn)的LIN28蛋白的“開關(guān)”效應(yīng)存在于所有的惡性生殖細(xì)胞腫瘤之中,因而這種蛋白將是一個十分重要的治療標(biāo)靶,據(jù)此開發(fā)的新療法可有效減少化療的毒性效應(yīng),提高患者的生存幾率。 相關(guān)研究成果刊發(fā)在最新一期《癌癥研究》雜志上。 Cancer Research doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-2085 LIN28 Expression in Malignant Germ Cell Tumors Downregulates let-7 and Increases Oncogene Levels Matthew J. Murray1,2, Harpreet K. Saini4, Charlotte A. Siegler1, Jennifer E. Hanning1, Emily M. Barker1, Stijn van Dongen4, Dawn M. Ward1, Katie L. Raby1, Ian J. Groves1, Cinzia G. Scarpini1, Mark R. Pett1, Claire M. Thornton5, Anton J. Enright4, James C. Nicholson2, and Nicholas Coleman1,3; on behalf of the CCLG Despite their clinicopathologic heterogeneity, malignant germ cell tumors (GCT) share molecular abnormalities that are likely to be functionally important. In this study, we investigated the potential significance of downregulation of the let-7 family of tumor suppressor microRNAs in malignant GCTs. Microarray results from pediatric and adult samples (n = 45) showed that LIN28, the negative regulator of let-7 biogenesis, was abundant in malignant GCTs, regardless of patient age, tumor site, or histologic subtype. Indeed, a strong negative correlation existed between LIN28 and let-7 levels in specimens with matched datasets. Low let-7 levels were biologically significant, as the sequence complementary to the 2 to 7 nt common let-7 seed “GAGGUA” was enriched in the 3′ untranslated regions of mRNAs upregulated in pediatric and adult malignant GCTs, compared with normal gonads (a mixture of germ cells and somatic cells). We identified 27 mRNA targets of let-7 that were upregulated in malignant GCT cells, confirming significant negative correlations with let-7 levels. Among 16 mRNAs examined in a largely independent set of specimens by quantitative reverse transcription PCR, we defined negative-associations with let-7e levels for six oncogenes, including MYCN, AURKB, CCNF, RRM2, MKI67, and C12orf5 (when including normal control tissues). Importantly, LIN28 depletion in malignant GCT cells restored let-7 levels and repressed all of these oncogenic let-7 mRNA targets, with LIN28 levels correlating with cell proliferation and MYCN levels. Conversely, ectopic expression of let-7e was sufficient to reduce proliferation and downregulate MYCN, AURKB, and LIN28, the latter via a double-negative feedback loop. We conclude that the LIN28/let-7 pathway has a critical pathobiologic role in malignant GCTs and therefore offers a promising target for therapeutic intervention. Cancer Res;[ Last edited by HYZ221314 on 2013-12-24 at 09:52 ] |

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