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yizhenanmin銀蟲(chóng) (初入文壇)
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[求助]
求助翻譯這段話
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| This Focus Review describes the most recent progress on the catalytic synthesis of five-membered ring cores of imidazole. The utilization of palladium catalysts realized imidazole formation either through the intramolecular amino-Heck reaction of amidoximes or the multicomponent coupling reaction of two imines and acid chloride. The silver and copper catalysts promoted the cycloaddition of two isocyanides to form 1,4-disubstituted imidazoles. The Lewis acid ZrCl4 was applied in the three-component coupling reaction to afford trisubstituted and tetrasubstituted imidazoles. An organocatalyst derived from thiazolium salt wasalso successfully employed for the construction of densely functionalized imidazoles. Nonetheless, there is still room to improve the efficiency of these catalytic transformations. The development of more practical, atom-economical, and general routes for the preparation of imidazole cores remains a challenge for the future. |
木蟲(chóng) (小有名氣)
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這篇焦點(diǎn)綜述描述了咪唑五元環(huán)核心的催化合成的最新進(jìn)展。 鈀催化劑的利用使得咪唑可以通過(guò)兩種方式形成: 1. 脒肟類的分子內(nèi)氨基Heck反應(yīng);2. 兩個(gè)亞胺和一個(gè)酰氯的多組分偶聯(lián)反應(yīng)。 銅、銀催化劑可以提升兩異腈的環(huán)加成作用以形成1,4-雙取代咪唑。 路易斯酸 ZrCl4 被用于三組分偶聯(lián)反應(yīng)以形成三取代或者四取代咪唑。 一種來(lái)源于噻唑鹽的有機(jī)催化劑也成功被用于稠密功能化咪唑的合成。 盡管如此,這些催化轉(zhuǎn)化劑的效率依然有相當(dāng)大的提升空間。研制出更加實(shí)用、原子利用率更高的咪唑核心制備的通用路線將是我們未來(lái)長(zhǎng)期的挑戰(zhàn)。 |
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