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| 本帖產(chǎn)生 1 個(gè) 翻譯EPI ，點(diǎn)擊這里進(jìn)行查看 | ||
quinidine木蟲 (著名寫手)
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求助翻譯（請9號(hào)之前回復(fù)，謝謝啦）
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Abstract 1: We considered clinical observations in patients with obsessive-compulsive- and anxiety-disorders, who underwent bilateral anterior capsulotomy, as well as anatomical and pathophysiological findings. Based on these considerations, we choose the shell region of the right nucleus accumbens as target for deep brain stimulation (DBS) in a pilot-series of four patients with severe obsessive-compulsive- and anxiety-disorders. Significant reduction in severity of symptoms has been achieved in three of four patients treated. Clinical results as well as a 15-O-H(2)O-PET study, perfomed in one patient during stimulation, speak in favour of the following hypothesis. As a central relay-structure between amygdala, basal ganglia, mesolimbic dopaminergic areas, mediodorsal thalamus and prefrontal cortex, the accumbens nucleus seems to play a modulatory role in information flow from the amygdaloid complex to the latter areas. If disturbed, imbalanced information flow from the amygdaloid complex could yield obsessive-compulsive- and anxiety-disorders, which can be counteracted by blocking the information flow within the shell region of the accumbens nucleus by deep brain stimulation. Abstract 2: OBJECTIVE: To describe smiling and euphoria induced by deep brain stimulation (DBS). BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE: The brain systems inducing emotional experiences and displays are not entirely known, but the ventral striatum including the nucleus accumbens has been posited to play a critical role in mediating emotions with positive valence. DBS has been successfully employed for the treatment of movement disorders, and most recently obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). The purpose of this report is to describe the emotional changes associated with stimulation of the ventral striatum. METHODS: A single patient with intractable OCD had electrode arrays placed in the right and left anterior limbs of the internal capsule and region of the nucleus accumbens. Changes in facial movement during stimulation were quantified by video recording. Ten video segments, time locked to the onset of stimulation, were digitized and changes in pixel intensity that occurred over both sides of the lower face, on a frame by frame basis, following stimulation onset were computed. These summed changes in pixel intensity represented the dependent variable of "entropy" and directly corresponded to changes in light reflectance that occur during facial movement. RESULTS: During stimulation on both the right and left side, the patient consistently developed a half smile on the side of the face contralateral to the stimulating electrode, and also became euphoric. The effect ceased when DBS was discontinued. CONCLUSIONS: DBS in the region of the nucleus accumbens produced smile and euphoria suggesting that alterations in the ventral striatum may result in emotional experience and displays. We hypothesize the existence of a limbic-motor network responsible for such changes. This observation suggests that DBS may be useful as a therapy for mood disorders. |
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ssssllllnnnn 
至尊木蟲 (知名作家)
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- 翻譯EPI: 1690
- 應(yīng)助: 452 (碩士)
- 金幣: 31580.9
- 紅花: 100
- 帖子: 7681
- 在線: 19966.6小時(shí)
- 蟲號(hào): 3328089
- 注冊: 2014-07-17
- 專業(yè): 腫瘤發(fā)生
【答案】應(yīng)助回帖
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quinidine: 金幣+40, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案, 翻的真好，太感謝了！ 2014-09-08 16:48:20
quinidine: 金幣+40, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案, 翻的真好，太感謝了！ 2014-09-08 16:48:20
| 摘要1：我們評估了接受雙側(cè)內(nèi)囊前肢切開術(shù)的強(qiáng)迫癥（OCD）和焦慮癥患者的臨床觀察，以及解剖和病理生理的研究結(jié)果。根據(jù)這些評估，我們選擇了右側(cè)伏隔核的外殼區(qū)作為靶位，進(jìn)行深部腦刺激（DBS），對四例患有嚴(yán)重OCD和焦慮癥患者進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)性治療。在四例病人中，三例出現(xiàn)癥狀明顯減輕。在刺激治療期間，一個(gè)病人的臨床結(jié)果以及15-O-H(2)O-PET（正電子發(fā)射斷層掃描）研究都支持下列假說：作為杏仁核、基底核、中腦邊緣多巴胺區(qū)域、中背側(cè)丘腦和額葉皮質(zhì)之間的中繼結(jié)構(gòu)，伏隔核可能在從杏仁復(fù)合體到后面諸腦區(qū)信息傳遞中發(fā)揮調(diào)節(jié)作用。如果受到干擾，從杏仁復(fù)合體傳出的不平衡信息可能會(huì)造成OCD和焦慮癥，而在伏隔核之外殼區(qū)用DBS阻斷這一（不平衡）信息的傳遞可以對抗OCD和焦慮癥。 |
2樓2014-09-08 10:45:03
ssssllllnnnn
至尊木蟲 (知名作家)
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- 翻譯EPI: 1690
- 應(yīng)助: 452 (碩士)
- 金幣: 31580.9
- 紅花: 100
- 帖子: 7681
- 在線: 19966.6小時(shí)
- 蟲號(hào): 3328089
- 注冊: 2014-07-17
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quinidine: 金幣+40, ★★★★★最佳答案, 謝謝 2014-09-08 16:48:30
quinidine: 金幣+40, ★★★★★最佳答案, 謝謝 2014-09-08 16:48:30
| 摘要2：目的：描述深部腦刺激（DBS）引起的微笑和欣快。背景與意義：大腦系統(tǒng)誘發(fā)的情感體驗(yàn)和表現(xiàn)尚不完全清楚，但包括伏隔核在內(nèi)的腹側(cè)紋狀體一直被認(rèn)為在介導(dǎo)情緒與正面內(nèi)在吸引了中發(fā)揮至關(guān)重要的作用。 DBS不僅已被成功用于對運(yùn)動(dòng)障礙的治療，最近也被用于OCD的治療。本報(bào)告的目的是描述刺激腹側(cè)紋狀體引起的有關(guān)情緒變化。方法：難治性O(shè)CD患者一例，將一電極陣列置于內(nèi)囊前肢的右側(cè)和左側(cè)，以及伏隔核區(qū)域。刺激過程中面部運(yùn)動(dòng)用錄影進(jìn)行量化。對鎖定于刺激開始的十個(gè)視頻片段進(jìn)行數(shù)字化處理，從刺激開始，逐幀計(jì)算兩側(cè)面部下半部分像素強(qiáng)度的變化情況。這些像素強(qiáng)度變化的相加代表“熵”的因變量，并直接對應(yīng)于面部運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中發(fā)生的光反射率的變化情況。結(jié)果：在同時(shí)刺激右側(cè)和左側(cè)時(shí)，患者持續(xù)出現(xiàn)刺激電極對側(cè)面部的微笑，并變?yōu)樾揽臁ＭＶ笵BS時(shí)這種效果就停止了。結(jié)論：刺激伏隔區(qū)域引起笑容和欣快，表明腹側(cè)紋狀體的改變可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致情感體驗(yàn)和各種表現(xiàn)。我們的假設(shè)是，存在一種邊緣-運(yùn)動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)責(zé)這種變化。這一觀察表明，作為一種情緒障礙的治療手段，DBS可能是有用的。 |
3樓2014-09-08 11:39:48
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