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清風(fēng)拂夢新蟲 (小有名氣)
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[求助]
求大神翻譯下下面兩段話，有機(jī)化學(xué)類的，謝謝……
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Realizing the importance of polyhydroquinoline derivatives, severalsynthesis methods have been reported, like conventional heating [7],refluxing in acetic acid [8] and microwave irradiation [9] and ultrasound[10]. Different other approaches for the syntheses of polyhydroquinolinederivatives using various catalysts, such as TMSCl [11], ionic liquids[12,13], L-proline [14], polymers [15], Yb(OTf)3[16], Sc(OTf)3[17],HClO4–SiO2[18], cerric ammonium nitrate [19], heteropoly acid [20],p-TSA [21], HY-zeolite [22] and Mont. K10 [23] have also been reportedand some of the methods are associated with several shortcomingssuch as long reaction times, expensive reagents, harsh reaction condi-tions, low-product yields and the use of large quantity of volatile organic solvents. In recent years, heterogeneous catalysts are gaining more impor-tance due to environmental and economic factors. The efficiency canbe improved by using nanosized catalysts because of their small sizeand large surface to volume ratio. It has been observed that Ni0-nanoparticles as catalysts offer great attention for a wide range of appli-cations in organic transformations such as chemo-selective oxidativecoupling of thiols [24], reduction of aldehydes and ketones [25–27], hy-drogenation of olefins [28] and support for hydrogen adsorption [29].Recently, the progress in the field of solvent-free reactions is gainingsignificance because of their high efficiency, operational simplicity andenvironmentally benign processes. The multi-component reactions are powerful tools in the modern drug discovery process and allow fast, automated and high throughput generation of organic compounds.The possibility of performing multi-component reactions undersolvent-free conditions with a heterogeneous catalyst could enhancetheir efficiency from an economic as well as an ecological point of view. |
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清風(fēng)拂夢
新蟲 (小有名氣)
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3樓2014-09-25 08:45:13
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認(rèn)識到多聚羥基喹啉衍生物的重要性，已（報(bào)道）有幾種合成方法，如傳統(tǒng)的加熱法【7】，在乙酸回流法【8】和微波照射法【9】，以及超聲法 【10】。另外也報(bào)道了一些不同的合成多聚羥基喹啉衍生物的其他方法，使用了各種催化劑，如TMSC【[11】，離子液體【12,13】，L-脯 氨酸【14】，聚合物【15】，Yb（OTf）3【16】，Sc（OTf）3【17】，HClO4-SiO2【18】，cerric硝酸銨 【19】，雜多酸【20】，對甲苯磺酸【21】，HY-沸石【[22】和蒙脫石 K10【23】，其中有些方法與幾個(gè)缺點(diǎn)相關(guān)，如反應(yīng)時(shí)間長、試劑昂貴、苛刻的反應(yīng)條件、低產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)率，以及使用大量的揮發(fā)性有機(jī)溶劑等。 近年來，由于環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)因素非均相催化劑獲得更重要（地位）。由于它們的小尺寸和大的表面積與體積比，納米大小的催化劑可以改善其效率。據(jù)觀察，Nio納米顆粒作為催化劑在有機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)化，如硫醇的化學(xué) - 選擇性的氧化偶合【24】，醛和酮的還原【25-27】，烯烴加氫【28】，和氫的吸附【29】等中的廣泛應(yīng)用引起極大關(guān)注。最近，無溶劑反應(yīng)領(lǐng)域因其高效、操作簡單和對環(huán)境有益的工藝流程而取得有意義的進(jìn)展。多組分反應(yīng)是在現(xiàn)代藥物發(fā)現(xiàn)過程的有力工具，使能夠快速、自動(dòng)化和高通量合成有機(jī)化合物。從經(jīng)濟(jì)和生態(tài)角度看，用非均相催化劑在無溶劑條件下進(jìn)行多組分反應(yīng)的可能性可以提高其效率。 |
2樓2014-09-25 06:57:39
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