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haizhoubuer新蟲 (初入文壇)
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[求助]
親們，江湖告急，求翻譯。
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Fig. 1(b) shows that the reaction time greatly influences the water absorbency of the resin, which increases with time. When the reaction time was 4 h, the resin water absorbency in distilled water was 1083.9 g/g, and 95.62 g/g in 0.9 wt.% NaCl. At a reaction time of 5 h, the resin water absorbency decreased. These observations are in line with the free radical reaction rule, which states that if the reaction time is too short, polymerization does not proceed to completion and results in low relative molecular mass and small network size after swelling with low resin water absorbency. Therefore, the prolonged reaction time can increase the degree of polymerization at the beginning of the reaction. Steady-state polymerization was reached after 4 h of reaction. In this stage, the generation rate of the free radical is equal to its consumption rate, which establishes a dynamic equilibrium wherein the reaction time has no influence on water absorbency. On the other hand, a very long reaction time causes the degradation of resin and results in a low molecular weight (Xu, Li, & Sun, 2010). In addition, stirring causes shear stress in the reaction system for a long time, thereby decreasing its viscosity. The decrease in viscosity is not conducive to polymerization, therefore, decreases the water absorbency. |
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| 圖1（b）表明，反應(yīng)時(shí)間極大地影響著樹脂的吸水率，其隨時(shí)間而增加。當(dāng)反應(yīng)時(shí)間為4小時(shí)時(shí)，樹脂在蒸餾水中的吸水率是1083.9克/g，在0.9％的NaCl（重量百分比）中則為95.62克/克。當(dāng)反應(yīng)時(shí)間為5小時(shí)時(shí)，樹脂的吸水率降低。這些觀察結(jié)果與自由基反應(yīng)的規(guī)則相符，該規(guī)則規(guī)定，如果反應(yīng)時(shí)間過短，聚合會不完全，導(dǎo)致形成一些分子質(zhì)量相對低的產(chǎn)物，溶脹后網(wǎng)絡(luò)的大小小，樹脂的吸水率低。因此，延長反應(yīng)時(shí)間在反應(yīng)的開始就可以提高聚合度。反應(yīng)4小時(shí)后達(dá)到穩(wěn)態(tài)聚合。在穩(wěn)態(tài)聚合階段，自由基的生成速率和其消耗速率是相等的，建立了一個(gè)動態(tài)平衡，所以此時(shí)反應(yīng)時(shí)間對吸水率沒有影響。在另一方面，過長的反應(yīng)時(shí)間會引起樹脂的降解并產(chǎn)生低分子量產(chǎn)物（(Xu, Li, & Sun, 2010）。另外，攪拌在反應(yīng)體系中引起剪切應(yīng)力，長時(shí)間后可降低其粘度。粘度降低不利于聚合反應(yīng)，因此降低了吸水性。 |
2樓2014-10-16 23:16:47
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3樓2014-10-18 20:52:49
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