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北京石油化工學(xué)院2026年研究生招生接收調(diào)劑公告

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1.
The incidences of invasive fungal infection are increasing due to number of immune compromised host and occurrence of antibiotic resistant strains [1]-[3]. The number of antifungal agent available for the treatment is limited and their use has been restricted because of toxicity or unfavorable pharmacokinetics profile. Hence, research
interest has focused on discovery of safe and potent antifungal agent. One of the most successful approaches is to screen microbial resources to extract novel antifungal antibiotics.
Drug discovery from natural products has been traditionally focused on empirical exploitation of the most prolific microbial groups: actinomycetes and filamentous fungi. The literature vividly displays that actinomycetes have been the origin of the largest number of new antibiotic drug candidates and also lead molecules with
applications in many other therapeutic areas. Access to the microbial diversity of actinomycetes in the environment has traditionally been focused on intensive sampling from a wide diversity of geographical locations and habitats . One of the approaches is to explore untapped actinomycetes communities that might be associated with rhizospheres, plant endophytes, lichens, and entophytic bacteria [7] [8], as well as marine sediments and marine invertebrate-associated actinomycetes, which might facilitate isolation of novel microbial communities potentially producing novel chemical scaffolds . Oceans, making up 70.8% of the surface of planet earth, contain untapped actinobacterial resources of bioactive compounds. The salinity, low temperature, pressure and stress conditions in marine environments provoke
a set of different metabolic pathways and defense system compared to their terrestrial counterparts, ensuring the potential ability to produce novel antibiotics [10]. According to recent findings, actinobacteria are widely distributed on the surface and inside animals and plants, in seawater and marine sediments. Marine-derived actinomycetes are rich sources of novel secondary metabolites having diverse bioactivity such as antimicrobial, antitumor and immunosuppressive. The novel structure, promising biological properties and prospects of fermentation-based mass production have led to the renewed interest in the search for potential drug from
marine microorganism. During the ongoing screening program for the discovery of novel and superior antifungal compounds, an actinomycetes strain PM0525875 was isolated from a marine invertebrate. It showed potent in-vitro antifungal activity encompassing resistant fungal strains. The present work deals with the isolation and characterization of antifungal compound, Caerulomycin A from a marine-derived actinomycetes species.

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bxzc123: 金幣+80, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★很有幫助 2014-11-02 13:28:12

由于免疫缺陷宿主的數(shù)目和抗生素抗性菌株的出現(xiàn)，侵襲性真菌感染的發(fā)生率正在增加[1] - [3]。可用于治療的抗真菌制劑的數(shù)量是有限的，而且，因?yàn)槎拘曰虿焕乃幋鷦?dòng)力學(xué)分布，它們的使用受到限制。因此，研究興趣已集中在發(fā)現(xiàn)安全和有效的抗真菌劑。其中最成功的方法是篩選微生物資源已提取新型抗真菌抗生素。
從天然物品中發(fā)現(xiàn)藥物歷來是專注于最豐富的微生物群體——放線菌和絲狀真菌的開發(fā)。文獻(xiàn)中生動(dòng)地表明，放線菌一直的數(shù)量最多的新抗生素藥物候選物的來源，也是在許多其它治療領(lǐng)域被應(yīng)用最多的分子。獲取放線菌在環(huán)境中的微生物多樣性歷來集中在從廣泛多樣的地理位置和棲息地密集采樣。
一個(gè)辦法是探索可能與根際，植物內(nèi)生菌，地衣，和內(nèi)生菌相關(guān)聯(lián)，尚未開發(fā)的放線菌群落[7] [8]，以及海洋沉積物和海洋無脊椎動(dòng)物相關(guān)的放線菌，這可能會促進(jìn)分離新的微生物群落，產(chǎn)生新的化學(xué)支架。海洋占地球表面的70.8％，含有未開發(fā)的生物活性物質(zhì)的放線菌資源。海洋環(huán)境具有的鹽度，低溫，壓力和應(yīng)力等條件可引發(fā)一組與地面條件下不同的代謝途徑和防御體系，以確保生產(chǎn)新型抗生素的潛在能力[10]。根據(jù)最近的發(fā)現(xiàn)，放線菌廣泛分布于動(dòng)物和植物的體表和內(nèi)部，在海水及海底沉積物中。來源于海洋的放線菌富含具有抗菌，抗腫瘤和免疫抑制等多樣生物活性的新型次級代謝產(chǎn)物。結(jié)構(gòu)新穎，有前途的生物特性和以發(fā)酵為基礎(chǔ)的規(guī)�；a(chǎn)已經(jīng)引起了從海洋微生物尋找潛在藥物的新興趣。在正在進(jìn)行的為發(fā)現(xiàn)新的優(yōu)秀抗真菌化合物的篩選過程中，從海洋無脊椎動(dòng)物分離到一種放線菌菌株P(guān)M0525875。該菌株在體外表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)效的抗真菌活性，包括抗藥菌株。目前的工作包括分離和鑒定一種抗真菌化合物，即來自于海洋放線菌屬產(chǎn)生的青藍(lán)霉素。

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2樓2014-11-02 07:48:58

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