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1. Introduction Super absorbent polymers (SAP) are a new type of functional polymer that has been developed in recent years. This material can absorb water at hundreds or even thousands of times of its weight. SAP, with its super water absorbency and retention, have wide applications in areas including personal health products, civil construction, industrial and agricultural production, and medical materials (Silberbush, Adar, & De, 1993; Zhang & Li, 2005; Sun et al., 2006; Liu, Zhang, & Zhu, 2008; Wang, Zhang, & Wang, 2008). Furthermore, SAP can be used in industries dealing with food crops, cash crops, flower vegetables, forest, lawn cultivation, and desert improvement because of its super water absorbency and retention. Thus, SAP is gradually becoming an important part of the agricultural technology system with excellent water-saving abilities (Han, Yang, & Luo, 2010; Yao & Zhou, 2003; Abedi-Koupai, Eslamian, & Asadkazami, 2008; Bhardwaj, Shainberg, Goldstein, Warrington, & Levy, 2007). In addition, a number of studies are being conducted on the use of SAP as a waterproofing agent in communication cables, humidity regulator, active enzyme carrier, artificial snow, and so on (Ficarra et al., 2002; Kabiri, Omidian, Hashemi, & Zohuriaan-Mehr, 2003). |
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1.簡介 超吸附聚合物(SAP)是最近幾年開發(fā)出來的一種新型功能聚合物。這種材料的吸水量可以是其自身重量的數(shù)百甚至數(shù)千倍。憑借其超強(qiáng)的吸水性和保水性,SAP在包括個人健康產(chǎn)品,土木建筑,工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),醫(yī)療材料(Silberbush, Adar, & De, 1993; Zhang & Li, 2005; Sun et al., 2006; Liu, Zhang, & Zhu, 2008; Wang, Zhang, & Wang, 2008)的領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應(yīng)用。而且,由于其卓越的吸水和保水能力,SAP可以在處理糧食作物,經(jīng)濟(jì)作物,蔬菜,花卉,林木,草坪種植,以及沙漠治理中應(yīng)用。因此,SAP因其卓越的節(jié)水能力正逐步成為農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)體系的重要組成部分(Han, Yang, & Luo, 2010; Yao & Zhou, 2003; Abedi-Koupai, Eslamian, & Asadkazami, 2008; Bhardwaj, Shainberg, Goldstein, Warrington, & Levy, 2007)。此外,許多在通信電纜,濕度調(diào)節(jié)劑,活性酶載體,人造雪等中使用SAP作為防水劑也正在進(jìn)行中(Ficarra et al., 2002; Kabiri, Omidian, Hashemi, & Zohuriaan-Mehr, 2003)。 |
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