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本帖產(chǎn)生 1 個翻譯EPI ，點擊這里進(jìn)行查看

wyying

至尊木蟲 (著名寫手)

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[求助] 英翻中潤色2

Impact of oxidative stress during pregnancy on fetal epigenetic patterns and early origin of vascular diseases
Epidemiological studies have led scientists to postulate the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis for noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and obesity. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the development of these diseases are not well understood. In various animal models, it has been observed that oxidative stress during pregnancy is associated with the early development of endothelial dysfunction in offspring. This phenomenon suggests that endothelial dysfunction may initiate in the uterus and could lead to increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. Currently, it is known that many of the fetal adaptive responses to environmental factors are mediated by epigenetic changes in the genome, especially by the degree of methylation in cytosines in the promoter regions of genes. These findings suggest that the establishment of a particular epigenetic pattern in the genome may be generated by oxidative stress.
KEYWORDS:
oxidative stress; epigenetics; pregnancy; endothelial dysfunction; cardiovascular diseases; fetal programming.

孕期氧化應(yīng)激對胎兒表觀遺傳模式和血管疾病早期起源的影響
摘要
通過流行病學(xué)研究，科學(xué)家們提出了非傳染性疾病的健康和疾病的發(fā)育起源假設(shè)，如糖尿病、心血管疾病、高血壓和肥胖。然而，對發(fā)生這些疾病的細(xì)胞分子作用機(jī)制還未充分了解。多種動物模型已經(jīng)觀察到孕期氧化應(yīng)激與子代內(nèi)皮功能障礙的早期發(fā)展存在相關(guān)。這表明內(nèi)皮功能障礙可能在子宮內(nèi)形成，并增加生命后期患心血管疾病的風(fēng)險。目前廣泛認(rèn)可的是胎兒對環(huán)境因素的適應(yīng)性反應(yīng)由表觀遺傳基因組的變化引起的，特別是基因啟動區(qū)的胞核嘧啶甲基化程度。這些研究表明基因組中特定的表觀遺傳模式可能由氧化應(yīng)激導(dǎo)致。
關(guān)鍵詞：氧化應(yīng)激; 表觀遺傳學(xué); 懷孕; 內(nèi)皮功能障礙; 心血管疾病; 胎兒程序化。
Protective role of dairy and its constituents on vascular function independent of blood pressure–lowering activities
Abstract
Greater intakes of dairy are frequently associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. These observational studies have served as the basis for controlled interventions aimed at defining the cardioprotective mechanisms of dairy. Understanding these relationships is of public health importance because most of the US population fails to meet dietary recommendations for dairy, suggesting that many individuals could lower their cardiovascular disease risk by relatively simple dietary modification. Clinical studies investigating the acute ingestion of dairy or its constituents, including short-term (≤2 week) supplementation studies or those assessing postprandial responses, have largely shown benefits on vascular function without concomitant improvements in blood pressure. Chronic interventions have been less conclusive, with some showing benefits and others indicating a lack of improvement in vascular function regardless of blood pressure changes. Vasoprotective activities of dairy are likely mediated through improvements in nitric oxide bioavailability, oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Future controlled studies are needed to determine if these health benefits are mediated directly by dairy or indirectly by displacing other dietary components that otherwise impair vascular health.
KEYWORDS:
cardiovascular disease; dairy; low-fat dairy; nitric oxide; vascular function; whey protein.

乳制品及其成分對血管功能的保護(hù)作用獨立于降血壓
摘要
攝入較多的乳制品通�？梢越档突夹难芗膊〉娘L(fēng)險。這些觀察性研究已成為確定乳制品保護(hù)心血管機(jī)制的對照干預(yù)的依據(jù)。因為絕大多數(shù)美國人未能達(dá)到乳制品的每日推薦量，了解這些關(guān)聯(lián)對公共衛(wèi)健康非常重要，很多個體可以通過簡單的膳食結(jié)構(gòu)改變來降低心血管疾病的風(fēng)險。探討快速攝入乳制品或其成分的臨床研究，包括短期（≤2周內(nèi)）補充研究或評價餐后反應(yīng)的研究，主要表現(xiàn)為血管功能的益處并不伴有血壓的改善。慢性干預(yù)目前還缺乏證據(jù)，部分確定有益，但其他研究表明盡管有血壓改變但沒有改善血管功能。乳制品的血管保護(hù)功能可能是通過改善一氧化氮的生物利用度、氧化應(yīng)激、炎癥反應(yīng)和胰島素抵抗來調(diào)節(jié)的。未來亟需研究健康益處是乳制品直接調(diào)節(jié)還是間接替代其他可能會損害血管健康的膳食成分來實現(xiàn)。
關(guān)鍵詞：心血管疾病; 乳制品; 低脂乳制品; 一氧化氮; 血管功能; 乳清蛋白。

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1樓 2015-05-05 15:29:57

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iamliyang91

木蟲 (小有名氣)

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【答案】應(yīng)助回帖

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
wyying: 金幣+3, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★很有幫助 2015-05-26 00:48:08
wyying(RXMCDM代發(fā)): 金幣+3 2015-06-08 08:45:24

1.然而，對發(fā)生這些疾病的細(xì)胞分子作用機(jī)制還未充分了解。
改為：對這些疾病的細(xì)胞分子水平的機(jī)制還不清楚。
2.多種動物模型已經(jīng)觀察到孕期氧化應(yīng)激與子代內(nèi)皮功能障礙的早期發(fā)展存在相關(guān)。
改為：已在各種動物模型中觀察到，孕期氧化應(yīng)激與子代內(nèi)皮功能障礙的早期發(fā)展有關(guān)。
3.這表明內(nèi)皮功能障礙可能在子宮內(nèi)形成，并增加生命后期患心血管疾病的風(fēng)險。
改為：這表明內(nèi)皮功能障礙可能在子宮內(nèi)形成，并且導(dǎo)致以后患心血管疾病的風(fēng)險增加。
4.未來亟需研究健康益處是乳制品直接調(diào)節(jié)還是間接替代其他可能會損害血管健康的膳食成分來實現(xiàn)。
改為：未來亟需研究這些改善健康的效果是由乳制品直接介導(dǎo)還是間接替代其他可能會損害血管健康的膳食成分來實現(xiàn)。

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2樓2015-05-10 20:49:29