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本帖產(chǎn)生 1 個翻譯EPI ，點(diǎn)擊這里進(jìn)行查看

liulp2008

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As the membrane thickness increases, the distance that water needs to go through and the resistance that water needs to overcome both increase. Correspondingly, the duration increases and the water flux decreases. However, thicker self-supporting NaA zeolite membranes have high strength and good ion % rejection based on the salt rejection process in NaCl solutions. The salt rejection mechanism [1] of these membranes can be summarized as follows. First, the positively charged metal species, specifically sodium ions, are adsorbed onto the NaA zeolite surface, which makes the surface positively charged. Then, the positive surface charge prevents the hydrated cations from approaching the openings of the non-zeolitic pores, whereas the hydrated anions accelerate toward the openings. In other words, the charge exclusion mechanism and the size exclusion mechanism are cooperative [1]. The hydrated anions and cations can be adsorbed onto the surface or the interior of the zeolite, even if they diffuse and enter the membrane through the non-zeolitic pores. If the adsorbed ions reach equilibrium within a small quantity of non-zeolitic pores in the membrane, the pores cannot absorb additional ions due to concentration polarization. The salt rejection experiment demonstrated that a small quantity of non-zeolitic pores in the membrane does not influence the ion rejection but that the membrane thickness approaches specific thresholds. When the thickness of self-supported zeolite membrane arrived at the thresholds value, the influences of mesopores and macropores defects would be reduced and omitted.

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1樓 2015-06-17 21:57:04

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baoshanqiu

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liulp2008: 金幣+30, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案 2015-06-18 15:12:51

隨著膜厚度的增加，水通過需要的距離和需要克服的阻力都增加。相應(yīng)地，持續(xù)時間增加而水流量減小。然而，根據(jù)NaCl溶液的鹽排除過程所知，較厚的NaA 沸石膜具有高強(qiáng)度和良好的離子%排除率。這些膜的鹽排除機(jī)理[1] 可總結(jié)如下。首先，正電荷的金屬類，特別是鈉離子，被吸附在NaA 沸石表面，使該表面帶正電荷。這樣，正電荷的表面避免水合陽離子接近非沸石孔的開口，而水合陰離子則加速靠近這些開口。換句話說，電荷排斥機(jī)制和尺寸排阻機(jī)制是相互協(xié)同的[1]。水合陰離子和陽離子即使通過非沸石孔擴(kuò)散進(jìn)入膜內(nèi)，也被吸附在沸石的表面或內(nèi)部。如果在膜內(nèi)少量的非沸石孔吸附的離子達(dá)到平衡，這些孔因濃度極化不能再吸附更多的離子。鹽排除實(shí)驗(yàn)表明只要膜厚度達(dá)到特定的閾值，膜中少量的非沸石孔不會影響離子排除。當(dāng)自身支持的沸石膜厚度達(dá)到閾值的時候，間孔和大孔隙不利的影響即減少可忽略。

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2樓2015-06-18 02:07:15