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| 99TcO4- diffusion in GMZ bentonite by through- and out-diffusion methods found that part of 99TcO4- may be reduced by Fe(II) and Da and dry density is exponential [5]. Electromigration experiments indicated that Da for selenate is range from 1.7×10-11 to 6.2×10-11 m2s-1 and no reduction of selenate [4]. The degree of compaction is one of the important factors that influence the diffusion behavior of radionuclides in the clay [6]. Increasing clays compacting can change hydration energy, overlapping electric double layers and clay pore size and structure [7]. The diffusion processes in compacted bentonite have interlayer space diffusion and interparticle diffusion [8]. Interlayer space diffusion is affected by change in compacted density and interparticle diffusion is primarily independent of compaction up to 1800 kg/m3 [7]. The compacted bentonite interlayer space is decreased from 3-layers to 2-layers of water at 1,600 kg/m3 and from 2-layers to 1-layer of water at 1800 kg/m3 [9, 10]. The interlayer space decreases from 1.88 nm to 1.56 nm when increasing dry density from 1300 to 1600 kg/m-3 and can be expected decrease beyond 1600 kg/m-3 [11]. |
| 99TcO4-在GMZ膨潤(rùn)土中的擴(kuò)散通過(guò)向外擴(kuò)散方法發(fā)現(xiàn)99TcO4-部分被Fe(II)和DA還原和干密度指數(shù)衰減[ 5 ]。電遷移試驗(yàn)表明,硒酸鹽的Da值在1.7至6.2××10-11 m2s-1范圍,無(wú)硒酸鹽的還原 [ 4 ]。壓實(shí)度是影響粘土中放射性核素?cái)U(kuò)散行為的重要因素之一。增加粘土壓實(shí)度可以改變水化能量,重疊的雙電層及粘土的孔隙大小和結(jié)構(gòu)[ 7 ]。擴(kuò)散過(guò)程在壓實(shí)膨潤(rùn)土有夾層空間擴(kuò)散和顆粒擴(kuò)散[ 8 ]。夾層空間擴(kuò)散受壓實(shí)密度變化的影響,顆粒擴(kuò)散不受壓實(shí)度影響可達(dá)到1800公斤/立方米[ 7 ]。壓實(shí)膨潤(rùn)土夾層空間從水層的三層下降到二層為1600公斤/立方米,再?gòu)乃畬拥亩䦟咏抵烈粚訛?800公斤/立方米[ 9,10 ]。當(dāng)干密度從1300公斤/米3增大到1600公斤/米,層間距由1.88 nm減小到1.56 nm時(shí),預(yù)期干密度可隨層間距減少而增大至超過(guò)1600公斤/米3 [ 11 ]。 |

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