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Frank0917木蟲 (正式寫手)
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培根火腿究竟為什么不讓吃了，那吃貨們又能吃什么呢 已有4人參與
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從上周開始，“世界衛(wèi)生組織宣布培根、火腿等導(dǎo)致結(jié)腸癌”的消息，在各種平臺迅速引起熱烈討論。小伙伴們也是分分鐘驚呆了：“我的培根，我的火腿，我的最愛啊，怎么會這樣”“吃貨的噩夢啊”“金華要完了的節(jié)奏啊”。這不，立馬就有大學(xué)教授出來澄清，這個沒事啦，老祖宗吃了那么久都沒事，這是個陰謀。 那到底是個什么情況呢，管家哥帶你一探究竟： 首先，我們當(dāng)然得看下這條消息是哪來的。發(fā)布這條消息的是International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC,國際癌癥研究機(jī)構(gòu))。 10月26日，IARC在其官網(wǎng)刊登出了“Evaluation of consumption of red meat and processed meat”報告，相關(guān)的實驗報告總結(jié)發(fā)表于The Lancet Oncology期刊（2014年IF：24.69）。 我們來仔細(xì)解讀下這份報告： IARC Monographs evaluate consumption of red meat and processed meat Lyon, France, 26 October 2015 – The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the cancer agency of the World Health Organization, has evaluated the carcinogenicity of the consumption of red meat and processed meat. （IARC，WHO下屬癌癥研究機(jī)構(gòu)，此文評估了紅肉和加工肉類的致癌性） Red meat （紅肉，也就是豬肉、羊肉、鹿肉、兔肉等等所有哺乳動物的肉） After thoroughly reviewing the accumulated scientific literature, a Working Group of 22 experts from 10 countries convened by the IARC Monographs Programme classified the consumption of red meat as probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A), based on limited evidence that the consumption of red meat causes cancer in humans and strong mechanistic evidence supporting a carcinogenic effect. （將紅肉列為第二級A類致癌物（Group 2A）,甲醛就屬于這類。對人類為很可能致癌物，對動物則為確定之致癌物） This association was observed mainly for colorectal cancer, but associations were also seen for pancreatic cancer and prostate cancer. （這種關(guān)聯(lián)主要是指結(jié)直腸癌，但是在胰腺癌和前列腺癌中也發(fā)現(xiàn)有關(guān)聯(lián)） Processed meat（加工肉類，如培根、火腿、熱狗、香腸等） Processed meat was classified as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), based on sufficient evidence in humans that the consumption of processed meat causes colorectal cancer. （加工肉類被分為第一級致癌物，有充分的證據(jù)顯示能引起結(jié)直腸癌。對人類為確定之致癌物） Meat consumption and its effects （肉類食用和影響） The consumption of meat varies greatly between countries, with from a few percent up to 100% of people eating red meat, depending on the country, and somewhat lower proportions eating processed meat. The experts concluded that each 50 gram portion of processed meat eaten daily increases the risk of colorectal cancer by 18%. （每天攝入50g加工肉類，患結(jié)直腸癌的風(fēng)險會增加18%） “For an individual, the risk of developing colorectal cancer because of their consumption of processed meat remains small, but this risk increases with the amount of meat consumed,” says Dr Kurt Straif, Head of the IARC Monographs Programme. “In view of the large number of people who consume processed meat, the global impact on cancer incidence is of public health importance.” （對個人來說，由于攝入量不多，患結(jié)直腸癌的風(fēng)險還是比較低的，但是這種風(fēng)險會隨著食用量的增加而增加） The IARC Working Group considered more than 800 studies that investigated associations of more than a dozen types of cancer with the consumption of red meat or processed meat in many countries and populations with diverse diets. The most influential evidence came from large prospective cohort studies conducted over the past 20 years. （IARC參考了過去20年超過800項研究，針對多種類型的癌癥與紅肉、加工肉類之間的關(guān)聯(lián)研究，涉及到不同國家和不同飲食習(xí)慣人群。） Public health “These findings further support current public health recommendations to limit intake of meat,” says Dr Christopher Wild, Director of IARC. “At the same time, red meat has nutritional value. Therefore, these results are important in enabling governments and international regulatory agencies to conduct risk assessments, in order to balance the risks and benefits of eating red meat and processed meat and to provide the best possible dietary recommendations.” （這些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)旨在建議公眾注意肉類的攝入量。同時由于紅肉具有營養(yǎng)價值，所以更需要平衡風(fēng)險與受益因素，給出最佳的飲食建議） Red meat refers to all types of mammalian muscle meat, such as beef, veal, pork, lamb, mutton, horse,and goat. （紅肉包括所有的哺乳動物的肉，比如牛肉、豬肉、羊肉、馬肉等） Processed meat refers to meat that has been transformed through salting, curing, fermentation, smoking,or other processes to enhance flavour or improve preservation. Most processed meats contain pork or beef, but processed meats may also contain other red meats, poultry, offal, or meat by-products such as blood. Examples of processed meat include hot dogs (frankfurters), ham, sausages, corned beef, and biltong or beef jerky as well as canned meat and meat-based preparations and sauces. （加工肉類指經(jīng)過腌制、發(fā)酵、煙熏等加工過的肉類。常見的有熱狗、火腿、香腸、腌制牛肉、干肉片、牛肉干以及肉罐頭和肉類醬汁等） 小伙伴們看完是不是顫抖了。其實在近10年來，不斷的有“攝入紅肉可能增加罹患以下癌癥的風(fēng)險：食道癌、胰腺癌、胃癌、子宮內(nèi)膜癌、肺癌、膀胱癌”的文章報道。有興趣的可以搜索下相關(guān)文章。 吃貨們，為了能更長時間，吃更多的肉，咱每天少吃點哈。 管家哥提醒：鳥類（雞、鴨、鵝、火雞等）、魚、爬行動物、兩棲動物、甲殼類動物（蝦蟹等）或雙殼類動物（牡蠣、蛤蜊等）等非哺乳動物的肉都不是紅肉。咱完全可以換個吃法嘛，O(∩_∩)O 您的分享就是對管家哥最大的鼓勵。 |
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