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cxlandqyp金蟲 (初入文壇)
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[英譯中] 摘要翻譯（毒理、生態(tài)）
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Pollutants affect development in nestling starlings Sturnus vulgaris Keywords:endocrine disruption;nestlings;oestrogens;parental care;pollution;sewage;starlings;Sturnus vulgaris;xenoestrogens Summary 1.?Pollutants as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are of worldwide concern, due to their detrimental effects on the physiology and behaviour of wildlife. One major source of EDCs is sewage treatment works which serve as foraging grounds for many bird species. However, the risks of consuming EDCs to wild birds at these sites have been largely overlooked. 2.?We have previously quantified contamination levels of invertebrates from within filter beds of sewage treatment works and the intake rates of these invertebrates by wild European starlings feeding at these sites. Our work to date has shown that environmentally-relevant EDC exposure results in reduced immunocompetence, increased song behaviour and neural development in adult starlings. 3.?In the present study, we hypothesized that nestling starlings exposed to similar EDC levels from contaminated prey, from parental feeding at sewage treatment works, would show altered growth and physiology. 4.?Our findings show that EDC exposure results in reduced growth and immunocompetence in nestling birds. However, there was no effect on corticosterone or haematocrit levels. As growth rates and immunocompetence are likely to be related to survival rates, we suggest that these exposure levels are likely to adversely affect recruitment into the adult population. 5.?Synthesis and applications. These results highlight the potential transfer of EDCs between semi-aquatic or aquatic organisms and terrestrial organisms up the food chain at sites of sewage treatment works, broadening the scope of potential routes of exposure. Our findings suggest that birds foraging in these sites are at risk of physiological manipulation from EDCs and reduced body condition as a result. We advocate further work to evaluate the potential for EDCs from sewage treatment works to bioaccumulate and modulate the condition of wild organisms feeding on contaminated prey. Our results suggest that changes in management practices of sewage treatment works are required. We support measures to reduce EDC levels in sewage treatment works and that these sites should be designed to exclude or deter wildlife from foraging on contaminated prey. The management implications of such policy – oriented steps will ensure the health of wildlife foraging at sewage treatment works. [ Last edited by cxlandqyp on 2011-4-30 at 04:21 ] |
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chemistry2228
銅蟲 (小有名氣)
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cxlandqyp(金幣+120, 翻譯EPI+1): 兄弟，非常感謝！ 2011-04-30 18:53:01
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污染物對(duì)小椋鳥(niǎo)發(fā)育的影響 關(guān)鍵詞：內(nèi)分泌干擾;雛鳥(niǎo)，雌激素;父母照顧，污染物，污水，掠鳥(niǎo)， 椋鳥(niǎo)屬， 外源性雌激素 總結(jié)： 1.由于對(duì)野生動(dòng)物的生理和行為有不利影響，那些內(nèi)分泌干擾類污染物收到世界范圍的關(guān)注。這類污染物的主要來(lái)源就是污水處理廠，應(yīng)為許多種鳥(niǎo)類在這些地方覓食。然而野生鳥(niǎo)類在這些地方攝入內(nèi)分泌干擾類污染物的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在很大程度上被忽視了。 |
2樓2011-04-30 16:28:57
chemistry2228
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3樓2011-04-30 16:39:45
chemistry2228
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3，在本研究中我們假雛鳥(niǎo)從獵物體中攝入的污染物量和從父母喂養(yǎng)的食物中攝入的量一樣，這都會(huì)對(duì)雛鳥(niǎo)的生長(zhǎng)及生理有很大影響。 4，我們的研究表明暴露在環(huán)境中的此類污染物對(duì)雛鳥(niǎo)的生長(zhǎng)和免疫力都有影響。但是對(duì)皮質(zhì)酮和血細(xì)胞沒(méi)有影響。由于生長(zhǎng)率和免疫力是和存活率相關(guān)的，所以我們此類污染物會(huì)對(duì)種群數(shù)量產(chǎn)生不利影響。 5.合成和應(yīng)用。本研究強(qiáng)調(diào)了在污水處理廠由水生及半水生動(dòng)物與陸生動(dòng)物經(jīng)食物鏈傳遞污染物的潛在途徑，同時(shí)這也擴(kuò)大了潛在的污染范圍。研究結(jié)果表明在這些地方覓食的鳥(niǎo)類有被內(nèi)分泌干擾類物污染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這些污染物會(huì)削弱鳥(niǎo)類的體質(zhì)。我們打算做進(jìn)一步的研究，去評(píng)估污水處理廠的污染物在鳥(niǎo)類體內(nèi)的生物性富集及對(duì)鳥(niǎo)類體質(zhì)的影響。結(jié)果證實(shí)，污水處理廠的工程管理模式需要改變，建議污水處理廠應(yīng)該驅(qū)逐并阻止野生動(dòng)物去含污染物的地方覓食。這樣就可以通過(guò)阻止野生動(dòng)物去污水處理廠覓食來(lái)保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的健康。 |
4樓2011-04-30 17:13:11
chemistry2228
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★
Mally89(金幣+1): 感謝熱情應(yīng)助！~ 2011-05-03 10:11:51
Mally89(金幣+1): 感謝熱情應(yīng)助！~ 2011-05-03 10:11:51
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再改改，總結(jié)如下： 污染物對(duì)雛鳥(niǎo)發(fā)育的影響 關(guān)鍵詞：內(nèi)分泌干擾;雛鳥(niǎo)，雌激素;父母照顧，污染物，污水，掠鳥(niǎo)， 椋鳥(niǎo)屬， 外源性雌激素 總結(jié)： 1.內(nèi)分泌干擾類污染物由于會(huì)對(duì)野生動(dòng)物的生理和行為有不利影響受到世界范圍的關(guān)注。這類污染物的主要來(lái)源就是污水處理廠，應(yīng)為許多種鳥(niǎo)類在這些地方覓食。然而野生鳥(niǎo)類在這些地方攝入內(nèi)分泌干擾類污染物的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在很大程度上被忽視了。 2.我們已經(jīng)定量研究了裝備有慮床的污水處理廠對(duì)非脊椎動(dòng)物的污染程度，同時(shí)也定量研究了歐洲椋鳥(niǎo)對(duì)此類污染物的攝入量。我們的研究結(jié)果表明，暴露在環(huán)境中的此類污染物可以降低椋鳥(niǎo)的免疫力，增加椋鳥(niǎo)的鳴叫行為，同時(shí)促使幼鳥(niǎo)加快發(fā)育到成熟階段。 3，在本研究中我們假設(shè)雛鳥(niǎo)從獵物體中攝入的污染物量和從父母喂養(yǎng)的食物中攝入的量一樣，都會(huì)對(duì)雛鳥(niǎo)的生長(zhǎng)及生理有很大影響。 4，我們的研究表明暴露在環(huán)境中的此類污染物對(duì)雛鳥(niǎo)的生長(zhǎng)和免疫力都有影響。但是對(duì)皮質(zhì)酮和血細(xì)胞沒(méi)有影響。由于生長(zhǎng)率和免疫力是和存活率相關(guān)的，所以我們認(rèn)為此類污染物會(huì)對(duì)種群數(shù)量產(chǎn)生不利影響。 5.合成和應(yīng)用。本研究強(qiáng)調(diào)了在污水處理廠由水生及半水生動(dòng)物與陸生動(dòng)物經(jīng)食物鏈傳遞污染物的潛在途徑，同時(shí)這也擴(kuò)大了潛在的污染范圍。研究結(jié)果表明在這些地方覓食的鳥(niǎo)類存在被內(nèi)分泌干擾類物污染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這些污染物會(huì)削弱鳥(niǎo)類的體質(zhì)。我們打算做進(jìn)一步的研究，去評(píng)估污水處理廠的污染物在鳥(niǎo)類體內(nèi)的生物性富集及對(duì)鳥(niǎo)類體質(zhì)的影響。結(jié)果證實(shí)，污水處理廠的工程管理模式需要改變，我們建議污水處理廠應(yīng)該驅(qū)逐并阻止野生動(dòng)物去含污染物的地方覓食。這樣就可以通過(guò)阻止野生動(dòng)物去污水處理廠覓食來(lái)保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的健康。 |
5樓2011-04-30 17:22:15
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