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表1.1 玉米淀粉的化學(xué)組成 Table 1.1 Chemical composition of corn starch 圖1.1 α-D-葡萄糖 Fig. 1.1 α-D-glucose 圖1.2 (a)直連淀粉和(b)支鏈淀粉的分子結(jié)構(gòu) Fig. 1.2 Molecular structure of (a) amylose and (b) amylopectin 圖1.3 淀粉顆粒的環(huán)層結(jié)構(gòu) Fig. 1.3 Annulate layer structure of starch granule 圖1.4 淀粉顆粒的超大分子模型 Fig. 1.4 Supramolecular model of starch granule 表1.2 四種常規(guī)聚合方法之比較 Table 1.2 Comparison of four conventional polymerization methods 表1.3 國內(nèi)淀粉接枝引發(fā)體系概況 Table 1.3 Domestic overview of initiating systems for starch grafting 圖1.5 電磁波譜 Fig. 1.5 The electromagnetic spectrum 圖1.6 微波中的電場和磁場 Fig. 1.6 Electric and magnetic field components in microwaves 圖1.7 微波中電場的兩種加熱機理 Fig. 1.7 Two heating mechanisms of electric component in microwaves 圖1.8 微波加熱與油浴加熱的溫度分布對比 Fig. 1.8 Comparison temperature profiles of microwave heating and oil-bath heating 表1.4 傳統(tǒng)加熱與微波加熱的主要區(qū)別 Table 1.4 Main differences between conventional heating and microwave heating 圖1.9 微波輔助有機合成和微波輔助聚合的發(fā)展趨勢 Fig. 1.9 Publication trends of microwave-assisted organic synthesis and microwave-assisted polymerization 圖1.10 微波合成的優(yōu)點 Fig. 1.10 Merits of microwave synthesis 圖示1.1 傳統(tǒng)法、微波引發(fā)和微波輔助合成接枝共聚物的示意圖 Scheme 1.1 Schematic representation for the synthesis of graft copolymer using conventional, microwave-initiated and microwave-assisted method 表1.5 不同種類的多糖在微波下的改性 Table 1.5 Various polysaccharides and their modification under microwaves 圖示1.2 淀粉接枝共聚物的微波輔助合成與焦化廢水處理應(yīng)用 Scheme 1.2 Microwave-assisted synthesis of starch graft copolymer and its application in the treatment of coking wastewater 表2.1 實驗藥品明細 Table 2.1 Chemical reagents 表2.2 實驗儀器清單 Table 2.2 Experimental equipments 表2.3 玉米淀粉的水分含量 Table 2.3 Moisture content of corn starch 圖2.1 玉米淀粉的粒徑分布 Fig. 2.1 Particle size distribution of corn starch 圖2.2 紅外測溫校正曲線 Fig. 2.2 Calibration curve of the infrared thermometer 圖2.3 淀粉的顯微照片 Fig. 2.3 Microphotographs of starches 圖2.4 不同處理淀粉的SEM照片:(a)原淀粉、(b)水浴30 min和(c)微波10 min Fig. 2.4 SEM images of starches (a) native starch, (b) water-bath for 30 min, and (c) microwave irradiation for 10 min 圖2.5 葡萄糖、水浴糊化淀粉、微波糊化淀粉、空白試樣的菲林反應(yīng) Fig. 2.5 Fehling reactions of glucose, water-bath gelatinized starch, microwave gelatinized starch, and blank 圖2.6 不同淀粉的紅外光譜圖:(a)原淀粉;(b)微波糊化淀粉;(c)水浴糊化淀粉 Fig. 2.6 FTIR spectra of different starches: (a) native starch, (b) microwave gelatinized starch and (c) water-bath gelatinized starch 圖2.7 不同微波輻照時間淀粉的紅外光譜圖:(a)5 min;(b)10 min;(c)15 min Fig. 2.7 FTIR spectra of starches with various irradiation times: (a) 5 min, (b) 10 min and (c)15 min 圖2.8 淀粉的Zeta電勢分析 Fig. 2.8 Zeta potential analysis of starches. Data correspond to mean ± s.d.; n=30. 圖示3.1 接枝反應(yīng)機理 Scheme 3.1 Mechanism of grafting 圖示3.2 對苯二酚淬滅自由基 Scheme 3.2 Free radicals quenching by p-hydroquinone 圖3.1 微波反應(yīng)器裝置圖 Fig. 3.1 Setup of the microwave reactor 表3.1 實驗藥品明細 Table 3.1 Chemical reagents 表3.2 實驗儀器清單 Table 3.2 Experimental equipments 表3.3 產(chǎn)物的溶解度 Table 3.3 Solubility of the products 圖3.2 反滴定法的終點現(xiàn)象(左) Fig. 3.2 Endpoint of the inverse titration (left) 圖3.3 80 mL水在不同微波功率下的升溫曲線 Fig. 3.3 Temperature curves of 80-mL water heated under various microwave powers 圖3.4 微波輻照時間對GE和CD的影響 Fig. 3.4 Effect of time of microwave irradiation on GE and CD 圖3.5 微波輻照功率對GE和CD的影響 Fig. 3.5 Effect of power of microwave irradiation on GE and CD 圖3.6 過硫酸鉀濃度對GE和CD的影響 Fig. 3.6 Effect of concentration of KPS on GE and CD 圖3.7 兩種單體配比對GE和CD的影響 Fig. 3.7 Effect of AM-to-DADMAC ratio on GE and CD 圖3.8 兩種單體總量對GE和CD的影響 Fig. 3.8 Effect of monomer-to-starch ratio on GE and CD 表3.4 不同報道產(chǎn)品的特性黏度和分子量比較 Table 3.4 Comparison of intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight of different reported products 圖4.1 (a)原淀粉和(b)接枝淀粉的SEM照片 Fig. 4.1 SEM images of (a) native starch and (b) grafted starch 圖4.2 淀粉接枝共聚物的能譜分析 Fig. 4.2 EDS analysis of St-g-P(AM-DADMAC) 表4.1 元素分析結(jié)果 Table 4.1 Elemental analysis results 圖4.3 XRD譜圖(a)玉米淀粉;(b)接枝側(cè)鏈;(c)接枝淀粉 Fig. 4.3 XRD of (a) native starch, (b) grafted side chain and (c) grafted starch 圖4.4 (a)原淀粉、(b)糊化淀粉和(c)回生淀粉的XRD譜圖[37] Fig. 4.4 XRD[37] of (a) native starch, (b) gelatinized starch, and (c) retrograded starch 圖4.5 (a)淀粉、(b)AM、(c)DADMAC和(d)接枝產(chǎn)品的紅外光譜圖 Fig. 4.5 FTIR spectrum of (a) St, (b) AM, (c) DADMAC and (d) St-g-P(AM-DADMAC) 表5.1 實驗藥品明細 Table 5.1 Chemical reagents 表5.2 實驗儀器清單 Table 5.2 Experimental equipments 圖5.1 濁度標準曲線 Fig. 5.1 Standard curve of turbidity (n = 3; error bars, ± s.d.) 圖5.2 PFS、PAFC和PAC處理焦化廢水效果 Fig. 5.2 Image of coking wastewater treated by PFS, PAFC and PAC 圖5.3 三種無機絮凝劑對CODCr的去除效果 Fig. 5.3 Dose of three inorganic flocculants on CODCr removal 圖5.4 無機絮凝劑對色度去除效果 Fig. 5.4 Dose of three inorganic flocculants on chroma removal 圖5.5 有機絮凝劑處理焦化廢水效果對比 Fig. 5.5 Image of coking wastewater treated by three organic flocculants 圖5.6 PFS與有機絮凝劑組合對CODCr、色度和濁度的脫除率 Fig. 5.6 PFS combined with organic flocculants on CODCr, chroma and turbidity removal 圖5.7 沉降物顯微形態(tài)對比 Fig. 5.7 Comparison of microscopic morphologies of the flocs 圖5.8 CPAM濃度對CODCr、色度和濁度的影響 Fig. 5.8 CPAM concentration on CODCr, chroma and turbidity removal 圖5.9 CTAB濃度對CODCr、色度和濁度的影響 Fig. 5.9 Effect of CTAB concentration on CODCr, chroma and turbidity removal 圖5.10 產(chǎn)品投加量對CODCr、色度和濁度的影響 Fig. 5.10 Concentration of St-g-P(AM-DADMAC) on CODCr, chroma and turbidity removal 圖5.11 絮凝處理前后焦化廢水的照片 Fig. 5.11 Photo of coking wastewater before and after flocculation treatment 圖5.12 CPAM和產(chǎn)物處理焦化廢水絮體形態(tài)對比 Fig. 5.12 Comparison of morphologies of flocs from coking wastewater treated by CPAM and the product 圖5.13 (a)原水自沉降物、(b)加產(chǎn)物所得沉降物的SEM照片 Fig. 5.13 SEM images of flocs from (a) self-sedimentation and (b) with the addition of the product 表5.3 處理焦化廢水效果對比 Table 5.3 Comparison of coking wastewater treatment |
金蟲 (小有名氣)
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1、圖1.4中你用"supramolecular"來表達超大分子,因為我也不懂這個專業(yè),只是想問一下,超分子與大分子應(yīng)該有區(qū)別的吧? 2、圖 1.8 譯為Temperature profiles comparison of microwave heating and oil-bath heating會不會更好一些? 3、圖1.9中的“發(fā)展趨勢”為什么不用簡單的"development"而選擇了"publication"呢? 4、圖示1.1中的using可以用by來代替(僅供參考); 5、表1.5 不同種類的多糖在微波下的改性可譯為“different types of polysaccharide modified under microwave”; 6、圖2.7譯文中應(yīng)在various后加上microwave; 7、圖3.2按你中文的意思應(yīng)該是苯二酚中的自由基被淬滅了,可你的譯文則成了苯二酚淬滅了自由基; 8、圖3.4譯文可簡單點,直接就是effect of microwave irradiation time on the GE and CD,同理圖3.5譯文; 9、圖4.3和圖4.4中“譜圖”(spectrogram)沒有譯出; 10、圖5.3譯文參考:removal efficiency of CODCr by three kinds of flocculants,同理圖5.4; 11、圖5.5的中文是否應(yīng)為“三種”有機絮凝劑……更為準確些; 12、圖5.6脫除率為removal rate; 13、圖5.10中你將產(chǎn)品投加量譯為了concentration of……是否準確? 14、表5.3譯文參考:effects comparison of …… |

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