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syy911銅蟲(chóng) (初入文壇)
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[求助]
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The photocatalytic splitting of water using oxide semiconductors is initiated by the direct absorption of a photon, which creates separated electrons and holes in the energy band gap of the material. These charges can move to the surface of the semiconductor particle and react with water, provided the potential difference of this reaction exceeds 1.23 eV, dictated by the standard potential E0 of water being--1.23 (standard hydrogen electrode,SHE, pH=0). The oxide semiconductor system we used for this reaction is InTaO4 which crystallizes in the monoclinic wolframite-type structure with space group P2/a. The structure (Fig. la and b) contains TaO6 and InO6 octahedra in a unit cell. The InO6 octahedra share edges to form zigzag chains along the [100] direction, with individual [InO6]∞ octahedra chains Linked by TaO6 octahedra into a threedimensional network. The volumes of the InO6 and TaO6 octahedra in InTaO4 are 13.601 and 10.648Å 3, respectively. Because the ionic radius of Ni2+ (0.78 Å  is much smaller than that of In3+ (0.92 Å，substituting In3+ by Ni2+ should reduce the volume of the InO6 octahedra, and hence the cell volume in InTaO4 This should in turn affect the direct metal-metal bonding in the crystal, with the In-In distance shortened, resulting in profound alterations of the electronic properties of the compounds. |
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hillatmsu
木蟲(chóng) (小有名氣)
- 翻譯EPI: 15
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- 金幣: 5577.5
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- 注冊(cè): 2013-01-12
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- 專業(yè): 有機(jī)化工
【答案】應(yīng)助回帖
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syy911: 金幣+30, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案, 非常感謝！ 2013-01-26 19:10:00
syy911: 金幣+30, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案, 非常感謝！ 2013-01-26 19:10:00
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使用氧化物半導(dǎo)體對(duì)水進(jìn)行光催化裂解是通過(guò)吸收光子誘發(fā)的，被吸收的光子能在材料的能帶隙中產(chǎn)生分離的電子和空穴。如果這個(gè)反應(yīng)的電勢(shì)差超過(guò)1.23V，這些電荷遷移到了半導(dǎo)體顆粒的表面就能和水進(jìn)行反應(yīng)，因?yàn)樗臉?biāo)準(zhǔn)電勢(shì)E0是1.23V（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)氫電級(jí)，SHE，pH=0）。 我們?cè)谶@個(gè)反應(yīng)中使用的氧化物半導(dǎo)體是InTaO4，它具有單斜晶黑鎢礦的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)，空間群P2/a。這種結(jié)構(gòu)如圖（la 和 b）所示，一個(gè)晶胞單元中包含TaO6和InO6八面體。沿[100]方向InO6八面體共用邊線形成鋸齒狀，而單個(gè)InO6和八面體鏈通過(guò)TaO6連接形成一個(gè)三維的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)。在InTaO4中，InO6和TaO6的體積分別為13.601和10.648立方埃米。因?yàn)镹i2+的離子半徑（0.78埃）比In3+（0.92埃）小得多，所以通過(guò)Ni2+取代In3+可以減少InO6八面體的體積，進(jìn)而減少InTaO4的晶胞體積，相應(yīng)的這種變化會(huì)影響到晶體中的金屬鍵長(zhǎng)，例如：In-In鍵縮短，這將導(dǎo)致化合物的電子性質(zhì)發(fā)生重大改變。 |
2樓2013-01-25 23:36:03
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