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健康小強(qiáng)鐵蟲 (小有名氣)
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[求助]
英語一段文獻(xiàn)翻譯,謝謝翻譯的大俠們,謝絕用軟件亂譯....不勝感激
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Eimeria tenella is an economically important intestinal parasite of poultry that causes coccidiosis characterized by enteritis. Although laying hens generally recover from the illness and become immune, global financial losses due to coccidiosis in broiler flocks are estimated to be in excess of $3 billion annually (Dalloul and Lillehoj, 2006). The addition of coccidostats to poultry feed can control the disease, but the emergence of drug resistance as well as a possible future ban restricting coccidiostat use mean that there is an urgent need for alternative methods of reducing the burden of disease in poultry (Peek and Landman, 2003). Four phytochemicals were selected on the basis that they reduce the virulence of Eimeria spp. and/or provide immune modulatory benefits to host cells (Peek, 2010). Betaine may have a stabilizing and protective effect on host cells (Virtanen, 1995). Carvacrol is a constituent of oregano (Giannenas et al., 2003); curcumin is an anti-inflammatory constituent of turmeric and has been reviewed recently (Kholi et al., 2005). Echinacea purpurea (purple cone flower) extract (EP), has anticoccidial properties which are attributed to immune modulation (Stimple et al., 1984) The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of betaine, carvacrol, curcumin and EP extract on the invasion of epithelial cells by E. tenella sporozoites in vitro. Combinations of the most inhibitive compounds were also tested. |
木蟲 (小有名氣)
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艾美爾球蟲是一種具有重要經(jīng)濟(jì)意義的家禽腸寄生蟲。它能夠?qū)е虑蛳x病,這種病的典型表現(xiàn)就是腸炎。盡管母雞通常能夠痊愈并且對這種病產(chǎn)生免疫,但因?yàn)榍蛳x病導(dǎo)致的全球舍內(nèi)肉雞群受到的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失估計(jì)超過了30億美元每年(Dalloul 以及 Lillehoj,2006)。向家禽的飼料中添加球蟲抑制劑可以控制這種疾病,但是隨之產(chǎn)生的疾病抗藥性以及未來可能限制使用球蟲抑制劑的禁令意味著我們急需找到替代性的方法來減緩家禽患病的壓力(Peek 以及 Landman,2003)。 基于能夠抑制艾美爾屬球蟲繁殖或者/并對宿主細(xì)胞的免疫調(diào)控有益的性質(zhì),四位植物化學(xué)品被寄予厚望(Peek,2010)。 甜菜堿對宿主細(xì)胞有著穩(wěn)定和保護(hù)的雙重作用(Virtanen,1995)。香芹酚是牛至的組分之一(Giannenas等,2003);姜黃色素是姜黃中的一種有消炎作用的組分,最近也有關(guān)于其的綜述(Kholi等,2005)。松果(紫錐花)中提取的松果提取物(EP),由于其免疫調(diào)控能力而有抗球蟲的功能(Stimple等,2004)。 本研究的目的是探究甜菜堿、香芹酚、姜黃色素和松果提取物對于柔軟艾美爾球蟲孢子在體外感染的上皮細(xì)胞的作用。我們同時測試了最具抑制性的化合物的組合。 |
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