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war3one金蟲(chóng) (著名寫(xiě)手)
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[求助]
求助一段翻譯,生物質(zhì)預(yù)處理方向
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相比于稀酸預(yù)處理,堿預(yù)處理可以更有效的提高酶解的效率,并且更低濃度的抑制物.但是限制其應(yīng)用的原因一方面是其成本比稀酸高,另一方面是其處理液含有很高濃度的木質(zhì)素,低濃度的單糖,難以像稀酸處理液一樣被利用.直接將堿處理液排放會(huì)嚴(yán)重的污染環(huán)境并且造成資源的浪費(fèi).如果利用硫酸將木質(zhì)素回收,再次利用酸性的回收液處理生物質(zhì),不但可以利用副產(chǎn)物沖抵纖維素乙醇的成本,而且減少了處理廢水的成本,對(duì)堿預(yù)處理的發(fā)展有重大作用.預(yù)處理液糖的變化和抑制物的變化如表3和表4. 通過(guò)H2SO4可以回收2g的木質(zhì)素,這些木質(zhì)素被證明可以通過(guò)改性在工業(yè)領(lǐng)域有很廣泛的應(yīng)用.通過(guò)高速離心以及活性炭脫毒后,處理液中的還原糖和抑制物都都顯著性的降低達(dá)到很低的水平,如果直接利用這個(gè)pH=8的回收液再次進(jìn)行預(yù)處理,可能需要更高的預(yù)處理溫度,為了降低設(shè)備的要求,我們將硫酸的濃度補(bǔ)足到5%,在121度進(jìn)行預(yù)處理10h,再次回收處理液后,還原糖的濃度達(dá)到了53g/L,其中木糖占有主要的地位,達(dá)到了73g/L.并且抑制物的濃度很低,低于堿處理液水平,但是出現(xiàn)了5-hydroxymethylfurfural.我們相信這么低的濃度對(duì)菌的生長(zhǎng)影響是很小的.如果利用預(yù)處理液進(jìn)行乙醇的生產(chǎn)是很不劃算的,因?yàn)槠涮菨舛冗^(guò)低,但是補(bǔ)加營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì),比如酵母粉和蛋白胨,作為種子液增殖酵母是有利的.通過(guò)這種重復(fù)的預(yù)處理過(guò)程,回收了部分木質(zhì)素和還原糖,不但達(dá)到了盡可能的充分利用生物質(zhì)的目的,而且無(wú)廢液排放. |
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andrewzhang
鐵桿木蟲(chóng) (著名寫(xiě)手)
超級(jí)無(wú)敵加菲
- 翻譯EPI: 119
- 應(yīng)助: 225 (大學(xué)生)
- 金幣: 6404.9
- 散金: 410
- 紅花: 45
- 帖子: 1428
- 在線: 485小時(shí)
- 蟲(chóng)號(hào): 923911
- 注冊(cè): 2009-12-09
- 性別: GG
- 專(zhuān)業(yè): 玻璃材料
【答案】應(yīng)助回帖
| 2 g of lignin could be recovered by H2SO4, and these lignins were proven to can be used in various industrial domains after modification. The waste solution of pre-treatment, after been treated by centrifugation and acticarbon, showed a obvious decrease in the level of both saccharides and inihibitants. To use these recovered solutions, the concentration of pre-treatment solution must be raised, to reduce the requirement for equipment. The concentration of H2SO4 was replenished to 5%, pre-treatment lasted for 10h at 121 degree. The solution after the 2nd pre-treatment was analysed, and concentration of sacchariedes reached to 53g/L, among which the xylose was the principal material, with concentration of 73g/L. What's more, the concentration of inihibitant was very low, even lower than that of solution before pre-treatment, but 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was found (we believe such a small concentration could not great effect to the growth of bacteria). It is not so ideal to use this solution to product the C2H6O, because its sacchariede concentration was too low; but the solution was favorable as proliferation of yeast for seeding emulsion, after addition of nitration like yeast powder or peptone. By repeating this pretreatment process, the lignin and sacchariede could be recovered, purpose of full utilization of raw materials was achieved, in addition, no waste emission was issued. |
3樓2013-07-26 17:53:49
andrewzhang
鐵桿木蟲(chóng) (著名寫(xiě)手)
超級(jí)無(wú)敵加菲
- 翻譯EPI: 119
- 應(yīng)助: 225 (大學(xué)生)
- 金幣: 6404.9
- 散金: 410
- 紅花: 45
- 帖子: 1428
- 在線: 485小時(shí)
- 蟲(chóng)號(hào): 923911
- 注冊(cè): 2009-12-09
- 性別: GG
- 專(zhuān)業(yè): 玻璃材料
【答案】應(yīng)助回帖
★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ...
war3one: 金幣+180, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案, 謝謝了 2013-08-01 16:48:15
war3one: 金幣+180, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案, 謝謝了 2013-08-01 16:48:15
| When comparing to the pre-treatment by attenuated acid, the pre-treatment by basic solution was more powerful for raising the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis, and could work under less inihibitant. Yet its utilization was also limited, in respect that on one hand, the costs are higher than attenuated acid, on the other hand, the treated solution could not be discharged as easy as that of attenuated acid pre-treatment, because of the existence of high concentration of lignin and low concentration of monosaccharide. The direct discharge of basic treated solution would cause serious pollution and also a waste of source. But if the solution was treated by sulfuric acid to recover the lignin, the solution can be recovered and reused to treat raw materials, it is a very interesting research for the basic pre-treatment, it would not only reduce the cost by using the by-product in the place of cellulose alcohol, but also reduce the founds that spent on treatment of waste solution. The concentration changes of saccharides and inihibitants were showed in figure 3 and figure 4, respectively. |
2樓2013-07-26 17:17:35
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