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chubin555金蟲 (小有名氣)
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化工專業(yè)英語考試求助 已有3人參與
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2. Simultaneous absorption of H2S and CO2 from gaseous streams into an aqueous MEA solution using a packed bed pilot-scale contactor has been studied theoretically and experimentally. As a first conclusion, the packing size affects the relative absorption (selectivity) of CO2 and H2S in MEA solution as a new proposed structural parameter. Smaller packing size leads to decrease in selectivity of H2S absorption. The results also show that, increasing of total pressure, which helps the diffusion steps in absorption, increases the H2S absorption selectivity and rate. It also could be seen that increasing L/G as a potential for liquid phase events, decreases the H2S absorption selectivity while increases the absolute rate of absorption. It is the same, when amine concentration is increased. Increasing the amine concentration, L/G and decreasing the packing size conceptually means the increase in absorption potential per bed volume which decreases the selectivity.（15 points） 3. Green Chemistry is the design, development, and implementation of chemical products and processes to reduce or eliminate the use and generation of substances hazardous to human health and the environment. Unlike regulatory requirements for pollution prevention, Green Chemistry is an innovative, non-regulatory, economically driven approach toward sustainability. Green Chemistry considers the entire life cycle of chemical processes as an opportunity for design innovation. Rather than regulatory restrictions for controlling hazards, Green Chemistry challenges innovators to design and utilize matter and energy in a way that increases performance and value while protecting human health and the environment.（10points） 4. Diffusivity of chromate was taken from the literature. To test the effect of suspended solids on the rate of diffusion controlled corrosion of the impeller, porcelain particles were used. Particle size ranged from 0.3 to 0.7 mm while particle concentration ranged from 1% to 3% by volume. In order to test the effect of drag reducing polymers on the rate of diffusion controlled corrosion of the impeller, polyethylene oxide (polyox WSR-301) a product of Union Carbide was used in the form of suspension at concentrations of 200, 200, 400 and 500 ppm. The solid polymer powder has a density of 1.15±1.26 g/cm3, particle size ranged from less than 38 mm to larger than 500 mm. The polymer was used as received and no attempt was made to separate different sizes. The chemical stability of the polymer in acidified chromate was tested in separate experiments by adding polyox to acidified chromate solution (blank) for 1 h after which chromate concentration was determined, no change in chromate concentration was found to take place, i.e polyox is chemically stable in the solutions used in the present study. Rheological measurements showed that all polymer containing solutions were Newtonian; polymer addition in the form of solid particles to the blank solution was found to have a negligible effect on the physical properties of the solutions. Table 1 shows the physical properties of the solutions.（20points） 5. A common oxidative coupling reactor design has a fluidized bed, though many other designs are also being considered. In the reactor, methane (CH4) and oxygen react over a catalyst to form water and a methyl radical (CH3). This reaction is called partial oxidation of methane. The methyl radicals combine to form a higher alkane, mostly ethane (C2H6) which dehydrogenates into ethylene (C2H4). The function of the catalysts is to control the activity of oxygen ions so that reactions can be kept on the desired path. Complete oxidation (rapid formation of CO2 before the radicals link up to form ethane and ethylene) is an undesired reaction. The catalysts used are mostly oxides of alkali, alkaline earth and other rare earth metals. Hydrogen and steam are sometimes added to reduce coking on catalysts. After one pass, roughly 80% of the total oxygen feed by mass is consumed. Ideally, 100% is desired since oxygen is difficult to separate and can cause undesired combustion or even explosion. The per-pass ethylene yield on a mass basis of methane is about 30% due to low conversion and poor selectivity to ethylene. （15points） Ⅱ. Translate the following paragraphs into English: 1. 從現(xiàn)代化工和高新技術發(fā)展的需求出發(fā), 論述了化工分離技術的重要性、多樣性和復雜性。分析了化工分離技術在新世紀所面臨的新的機遇和挑戰(zhàn)。并對當代化工分離技術的發(fā)展特點和我們的對策進行了探討。（10points） 2. 對綠色化工催化劑的研究進展進行了綜述, 主要介紹了固體酸催化劑、固體堿催化劑和金屬催化劑的研究現(xiàn)狀, 并對其應用和發(fā)展前景作了總結和評述。 關鍵詞: 綠色化工催化劑; 固體酸催化劑; 固體堿催化劑; 金屬催化劑（10points） |
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liulion2008
木蟲 (小有名氣)
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【答案】應助回帖
★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
chubin555: 金幣+20 2014-01-08 20:05:29
chubin555: 金幣+20 2014-01-08 20:05:29
| Smaller packing size leads to decrease in selectivity of H2S absorption. The results also show that, increasing of total pressure, which helps the diffusion steps in absorption, increases the H2S absorption selectivity and rate. It also could be seen that increasing L/G as a potential for liquid phase events, decreases the H2S absorption selectivity while increases the absolute rate of absorption. It is the same, when amine concentration is increased. Increasing the amine concentration, L/G and decreasing the packing size conceptually means the increase in absorption potential per bed volume which decreases the selectivity.縮小填料床的大小會降低硫化氫吸收的選擇性。試驗結果還顯示，增加氣壓可以改善氣液結合，從而增加硫化氫的吸收選擇性和速率�？梢灶A見提升L/G（液氣比）會使吸收選擇性降低，但同時會提升吸收速率。提高MEA水溶液的濃度會產生相同的結果。因此，同時提高MEA水溶液的濃度、提升L/G（液氣比）和縮小填料床的大小會提高填料床單位體積的吸收速率，也會降低吸收選擇性。 |
3樓2014-01-08 14:24:19
liulion2008
木蟲 (小有名氣)
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【答案】應助回帖
★ ★
感謝參與，應助指數(shù) +1
hanches: 金幣+2, 感謝應助，BB獎勵~~~ 2014-01-09 08:50:52
感謝參與，應助指數(shù) +1
hanches: 金幣+2, 感謝應助，BB獎勵~~~ 2014-01-09 08:50:52
| 2. Simultaneous absorption of H2S and CO2 from gaseous streams into an aqueous MEA solution using a packed bed pilot-scale contactor has been studied theoretically and experimentally. As a first conclusion, the packing size affects the relative absorption (selectivity) of CO2 and H2S in MEA solution as a new proposed structural parameter. 使用中試規(guī)模的帶有填料床的吸收器，在MEA水溶液（作為填料）中同時從氣態(tài)蒸氣中吸收硫化氫和二氧化碳的工藝已經過理論和實踐研究。第一個結論是填料床的大小會影響硫化氫和二氧化碳在MEA水溶液中的相對吸收（選擇性）。因此填料床的大小就構成影響相對吸收的結構參數(shù)。 |
2樓2014-01-08 14:01:04
liulion2008
木蟲 (小有名氣)
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chubin555: 金幣+20, ★★★★★最佳答案 2014-01-08 20:05:22
chubin555: 金幣+20, ★★★★★最佳答案 2014-01-08 20:05:22
| 3.綠色化學是從設計、研發(fā)和生產等多角度同時考慮如何減少和消除能對人身健康和環(huán)境能造成危害的化學物質的產生和使用的工藝過程。與污染防治法律法規(guī)要求不同的是，綠色化學是一種創(chuàng)新性、經濟利益驅動性和不帶有法律強制性的可持續(xù)發(fā)展概念。綠色化學把化學品的整個生命周期作為設計革新的著眼點。與法律法規(guī)控制有害物質的目的不同，綠色化學在保護人身健康和環(huán)境的同時，就如何利用物質和能源創(chuàng)造更多效能和價值提出新型挑戰(zhàn)。 |
4樓2014-01-08 14:49:45
liulion2008
木蟲 (小有名氣)
- 應助: 81 (初中生)
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【答案】應助回帖
★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
chubin555: 金幣+18 2014-01-08 20:05:34
chubin555: 金幣+18 2014-01-08 20:05:34
| 5.通常氧化偶聯(lián)反應釜都設計有一個流化床，雖然其他設計類型的反應釜也逐漸被認可。在這種反應釜內，甲烷和氧氣在催化劑的作用下反應生成水和游離甲基。這種反應被稱為甲烷的局部氧化反應。游離甲基相互結合生成更高等級烷烴，大多數(shù)乙烷脫氫生成乙烯。催化劑的作用就是控制氧離子的活動，使反應按照預期路線進行。完全氧化反應（在游離基團相互連接形成烷烴和烯烴之前，形成二氧化碳）不是預期的反應路線。常見的催化劑大多數(shù)是堿金屬氧化物、堿土和其他稀土金屬。反應過程中經常會通入氫氣或水蒸氣以減少催化劑焦化。一輪反應之后，按質量計算大約80%的氧氣被反應消耗掉。理想狀態(tài)是100%的氧氣被消耗，因為殘余氧氣很難從最終產品中分離，還有可能造成燃燒或爆炸。粗略估計，按甲烷的質量分數(shù)計算，乙烯的收率是30%，主要原因是低轉化率和（催化劑的）低選擇性。 |
5樓2014-01-08 16:51:54
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