 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
||
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| 5 | 1/1 | 返回列表 |
| 查看: 915 | 回復(fù): 8 | ||
| 當(dāng)前只顯示滿足指定條件的回帖，點(diǎn)擊這里查看本話題的所有回帖 | ||
tzkcarlos銀蟲 (小有名氣)
|
[求助]
自身免疫學(xué)翻譯為中文-幾段話，Autoimmunity Reviews 13 (2014) 108–113
|
|
|
PLA 2 R1 is a type 1 transmembrane receptor that is expressed by podocytes. Besides a short membrane-spanning intracellular domain, the receptor consists of a long extracellular domain with a cysteine-rich head, a fibronectin type II-like repeat domain and eight repeated carbohydrate-recognition domains [22]. PLA 2 R1 is one of four members of the mannose receptor family [23]. All of them have a conserved domain structure and share common characteristics such as constitutive endocytic recycling at the plasma membrane [24] which may provide a constant source of accessible PLA 2 R1 at the podocyte membrane for immune-complex formation [23]. Further more, the receptors exist in both an extended and a bent conformation conferring distinct ligand binding and oligomerization capacities [25]. Since the anti-PLA 2 R1 autoantibodies in patients with pMN only recognize a conformation-dependent target epitope [21], it is assumed that autoantibody-binding might only occur in one of these two configurations. Therefore, pMN might represent an autoimmune conformational disease (‘conformeropathy’), such as Goodpasture syndrome [1]. Although the exact mechanisms causing pMN are still under investigation, different studies show a strong relationship between antibody levels to podocytic proteins and disease activity. Since the discovery of anti-PLA 2 R1 autoantibodies by Beck et al. in 2009, there has been strong evidence that they are a key player in the pathogenesis [21]. For example, autoantibodies to PLA 2 R1 can not only be eluted from kidney tissue of pMN patients, but also colocalize with PLA 2 R1 in the glomeruli [21]. Therefore, it is widely accepted that upon binding of circulating autoantibodies to PLA 2 R1 on podocytes, subepithelial deposits are formed in situ, leading to complement activation and a cascade of events subsequent to the nephrotic syndrome (in most of the cases) [37]. Interestingly, autoantibodies to PLA 2 R1 have shown to be mainly of the IgG4 subclass, which is regarded as being unable to activate the complement pathway [38,39]. Nevertheless, since the terminal complement compo- nent C5b-9 is detectable in glomeruli and urine of pMN patients [40,41], there is strong evidence for the involvement of the complement system. As most patients with MN have low or undetectable levels of C1q, the classical complement pathway can be excluded. Therefore, either the alternative or the lectin pathway seems to be predominantly involved [42]. This hypothesis is supported by the notion, that mannose binding lectin can be detected in glomeruli of MN patients [43]. |
回復(fù)此樓» 猜你喜歡
化工調(diào)劑303分，過(guò)四級(jí)
已經(jīng)有5人回復(fù)
-
071000生物學(xué)調(diào)劑
已經(jīng)有3人回復(fù)
-
一志愿華東理工大學(xué)，080500學(xué)碩，317分，求調(diào)劑
已經(jīng)有10人回復(fù)
-
327求調(diào)劑
已經(jīng)有9人回復(fù)
-
0856初試324分求調(diào)劑
已經(jīng)有6人回復(fù)
-
08開頭看過(guò)來(lái)�。�！
已經(jīng)有6人回復(fù)
-
材料調(diào)劑
已經(jīng)有7人回復(fù)
-
一志愿北京科技大學(xué)085601材料工程英一數(shù)二初試總分335求調(diào)劑
已經(jīng)有8人回復(fù)
-
085900土木水利336分求調(diào)劑
已經(jīng)有6人回復(fù)
-
319求調(diào)劑
已經(jīng)有13人回復(fù)
ssssllllnnnn 
至尊木蟲 (知名作家)
Translator and Proofreader
- 翻譯EPI: 1690
- 應(yīng)助: 452 (碩士)
- 金幣: 31580.9
- 紅花: 100
- 帖子: 7681
- 在線: 19966.6小時(shí)
- 蟲號(hào): 3328089
- 注冊(cè): 2014-07-17
- 專業(yè): 腫瘤發(fā)生
4樓2014-08-25 23:36:10
ssssllllnnnn
至尊木蟲 (知名作家)
Translator and Proofreader
- 翻譯EPI: 1690
- 應(yīng)助: 452 (碩士)
- 金幣: 31580.9
- 紅花: 100
- 帖子: 7681
- 在線: 19966.6小時(shí)
- 蟲號(hào): 3328089
- 注冊(cè): 2014-07-17
- 專業(yè): 腫瘤發(fā)生
【答案】應(yīng)助回帖
★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
RXMCDM: 金幣+1, 多謝應(yīng)助！ 2014-08-26 00:17:29
tzkcarlos(phu_grassman代發(fā)): 金幣+30, he deserves it. Thanks for your cooperation. 2014-08-26 09:53:38
RXMCDM: 金幣+1, 多謝應(yīng)助！ 2014-08-26 00:17:29
tzkcarlos(phu_grassman代發(fā)): 金幣+30, he deserves it. Thanks for your cooperation. 2014-08-26 09:53:38
本樓樓主要求刪除 我覺得他花了不少時(shí)間和心思的，樓主卻一再挑剔，有點(diǎn)過(guò)分哦。  英文這種東西畢竟不是咱中國(guó)人的，翻譯過(guò)來(lái)難免變味，我們理工科的學(xué)生也不是學(xué)文學(xué)的，要達(dá)到“信、達(dá)、雅”也有點(diǎn)難哦。 樓主為何不參照應(yīng)助者提供的信息自己修飾一下呢？  |
2樓2014-08-25 22:24:21
tzkcarlos
銀蟲 (小有名氣)
- 應(yīng)助: 0 (幼兒園)
- 金幣: 163.3
- 帖子: 72
- 在線: 18.3小時(shí)
- 蟲號(hào): 783503
- 注冊(cè): 2009-05-31
- 專業(yè): 化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)與化學(xué)信息學(xué)
3樓2014-08-25 23:21:23
tzkcarlos
銀蟲 (小有名氣)
- 應(yīng)助: 0 (幼兒園)
- 金幣: 163.3
- 帖子: 72
- 在線: 18.3小時(shí)
- 蟲號(hào): 783503
- 注冊(cè): 2009-05-31
- 專業(yè): 化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)與化學(xué)信息學(xué)
6樓2014-08-25 23:50:26
| 最具人氣熱帖推薦 [查看全部] | 作者 | 回/看 | 最后發(fā)表 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
[考研] 265求調(diào)劑 +8 | 林深溫瀾 2026-04-01 | 10/500 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
[考研] 085601 材料工程 313分 求調(diào)劑 +7 | Ong3 2026-03-27 | 7/350 |
|
|
|
[考研] 298求B區(qū)調(diào)劑 +3 | zzz，，r 2026-04-02 | 4/200 |
|
|
|
[考研] 311求調(diào)劑 +13 | 藍(lán)月亮亮 2026-03-30 | 13/650 |
|
|
|
[考研] 271求調(diào)劑 +15 | 勒布朗@ 2026-03-31 | 20/1000 |
|
|
|
[基金申請(qǐng)]
請(qǐng)問共同通訊和共同一作的認(rèn)可度問題
 30+3
|
psa1234 2026-04-01 | 3/150 |
|
|
|
[考研] 310求調(diào)劑 +11 | 爭(zhēng)取九點(diǎn)睡 2026-03-30 | 11/550 |
|
|
|
[考研] 266分，一志愿電氣工程，本科材料，求材料專業(yè)調(diào)劑 +10 | 哇呼哼呼哼 2026-04-01 | 11/550 |
|
|
|
[考研] 270求調(diào)劑 +7 | 小杰pp 2026-03-31 | 8/400 |
|
|
|
[考研] 320分，材料與化工專業(yè)，求調(diào)劑 +14 | 一定上岸aaa 2026-03-27 | 18/900 |
|
|
|
[考研] 材料科學(xué)與工程339求調(diào)劑 +11 | hyz0119 2026-03-31 | 12/600 |
|
|
|
[考研] 材料專業(yè)調(diào)劑 +5 | 啦啦啦哭 2026-03-31 | 6/300 |
|
|
|
[考研] 材料專碩306英一數(shù)二 +7 | z1z2z3879 2026-03-31 | 7/350 |
|
|
|
[考研] 086000生物與醫(yī)藥298調(diào)劑求助 +4 | 元元青青 2026-03-31 | 6/300 |
|
|
|
[考研] 一志愿中海洋320化學(xué)工程與技術(shù)學(xué)碩求調(diào)劑 +8 | 披星河 2026-03-30 | 8/400 |
|
|
|
[考研] 求調(diào)劑 +10 | 家佳佳佳佳佳 2026-03-29 | 10/500 |
|
|
|
[考研] 考研調(diào)劑 +5 | Sanmu-124 2026-03-26 | 5/250 |
|
|
|
[考研] 環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程334分求調(diào)劑 +6 | 王一一依依 2026-03-30 | 8/400 |
|
|
|
[考研] 292求調(diào)劑 +4 | 求求了收下我吧?/a> 2026-03-26 | 4/200 |
|
|
|
[考研]
 085602化學(xué)工程求調(diào)劑。
+4
|
平樂樂樂 2026-03-26 | 4/200 |
|