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hellen7256

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Based on this work, the composition ratios of the geopolymers can be designed according to the NaA zeolite composition, and the expected zeolites can then be obtained through the use of appropriate hydrothermal treatment conditions [15-16]. In this study, we first prepared inorganic membranes of the Al2O3-2SiO2-Na2O geopolymers using a pre-forming process and then transformed this material into self-supporting NaA zeolite membranes using a hydrothermal procedure. These membranes were found to be different from traditional zeolite membranes, which are primarily supported by crystalline materials (NaA zeolite). Through the hydrothermal process, geopolymers can be transformed into zeolite crystals, as was demonstrated by the results from the XRD and SEM analyses. The transformation ratio of the NaA zeolite is approximately 81%, as determined through the concentration of residual Na ions in the water after the hydrothermal process [16].
The characterization of the membrane is essential for the evaluation of the quality of the synthesized membrane. In this study, the measured compressive strength of the Al2O3-2SiO2-Na2O geopolymer was 49.1 MPa. After the hydrothermal treatment procedure, the compressive strength of the specimen achieved values as high as 57.6 MPa, which can satisfy the requirements for traditional inorganic membranes. The microstructure of the self-supporting zeolite membranes was characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and N2 adsorption experiments (Table 1). Fig. 3 presents the SEM images of the geopolymer and the hydrothermal sample and reveals that the NaA zeolite crystals synthesized from the geopolymers were randomly grown to a size of 1 µm. Fig. 3a presents SEM images of the top surface of the as-prepared Al2O3-2SiO2-Na2O geopolymer, and Fig. 3b shows SEM images of the top surfaces of the self-supporting membranes after the hydrothermal process. The crystalline NaA zeolites in Fig. 3b are dense and exhibit good crystallinity. By comparing the top surface and the cross section of the hydrothermal sample (see Fig. 3d), the density and crystallinity of the top-surface region are obviously greater than those in the inner region. The loose inner structure of the self-supporting membranes is beneficial for increased flux, and the dense surface is beneficial for an improved separation effect [1, 11, 16].

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hellen7256: 金幣+35, 翻譯EPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案 2015-06-17 21:43:23

以此研究為基礎(chǔ)，地質(zhì)聚合物的組成比率可根據(jù)NaA沸石組成來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)，因此采用適當(dāng)?shù)乃疁靥幚項(xiàng)l件[15-16]就可得到預(yù)期的沸石。本研究中，我們首先預(yù)形成過程制備了 Al2O3-2SiO2-Na2O地質(zhì)聚合物的無(wú)機(jī)膜，再用水溫處理將這種材料轉(zhuǎn)化為自身支持的NaA 沸石膜。這些膜不同于傳統(tǒng)的沸石膜，它們主要由晶體材料（NaA 沸石）支持。經(jīng)水溫處理，地質(zhì)聚合物可以轉(zhuǎn)化為沸石晶體，如X射線衍射和掃描電鏡分析結(jié)果所示。由水溫處理后測(cè)定水中殘留的Na離子濃度[16]得知，NaA 沸石的轉(zhuǎn)化率大約為81%。
膜的特性對(duì)于評(píng)價(jià)合成膜的質(zhì)量至關(guān)重要。本研究中，測(cè)得Al2O3-2SiO2-Na2O地質(zhì)聚合物的耐壓強(qiáng)度是 49.1 MPa。水溫處理后，樣品的耐壓強(qiáng)度達(dá)到57.6 MPa，可以達(dá)到傳統(tǒng)的無(wú)機(jī)膜要求。用掃描電鏡（SEM）和N2吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了自身支持沸石膜的微結(jié)構(gòu)（表1）。圖3為地質(zhì)聚合物和水溫樣品的SEM影像，表明由地質(zhì)聚合物合成的NaA 沸石晶體隨機(jī)的增長(zhǎng)到1微米大小，圖3a 代表制備的 Al2O3-2SiO2-Na2O地質(zhì)聚合物上表面SEM影像，圖3b 為水溫處理后自身支持膜上表面的SEM影像。圖3b中晶體NaA 沸石是致密的，顯示良好的晶體性。比較水溫樣品的上表面和橫切面（見圖3d),可見上表面區(qū)域的致密性和晶體性明顯要高于內(nèi)部區(qū)域。自身支持膜疏松的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)有益于增加流量，而表面致密有益于提高分離效率[1,11,16].

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2樓2015-06-17 05:36:57

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