| 24小時(shí)熱門版塊排行榜 |
| 3 | 1/1 | 返回列表 |
| 查看: 4854 | 回復(fù): 2 | ||||
| 本帖產(chǎn)生 1 個(gè) ICEPI ,點(diǎn)擊這里進(jìn)行查看 | ||||
9631240333新蟲(chóng) (初入文壇)
|
[交流]
怎么理解分子的四級(jí)矩 已有2人參與
|
|||
|
怎么理解分子的四級(jí)矩,與偶極矩比較的話 發(fā)自小木蟲(chóng)Android客戶端 |
專家顧問(wèn) (著名寫手)
![]() |
專家經(jīng)驗(yàn): +191 |
|
完整的答案需要用張量分析,下面只是不嚴(yán)格但又不失準(zhǔn)確性地做個(gè)對(duì)比: (1)偶極矩:1維空間中的電荷分布,其正負(fù)電荷的重心在原點(diǎn),且為零。 (2)四極矩:2維空間中的電荷分布,其正負(fù)電荷的重心在原點(diǎn),且為零。 (3)八極矩:3維空間中的電荷分布,其正負(fù)電荷的重心在原點(diǎn),且為零。 其中,“正負(fù)電荷的重心”的含義類似于“重心”,區(qū)別只是后者是質(zhì)量的重心,各質(zhì)點(diǎn)的質(zhì)量恒為正值;而前者是電荷的重心,各點(diǎn)的電荷量可為正值或負(fù)值。 形象化的表示為: (1)偶極矩:1維空間中-q和+q兩個(gè)點(diǎn)電荷,兩者的中點(diǎn)位于原點(diǎn)。 (2)四極矩:2維空間中兩個(gè)-q和兩個(gè)+q,共4個(gè)點(diǎn)電荷交替地占據(jù)正方形的4個(gè)角,正方形的中心在原點(diǎn)。 (3)八極矩:3維空間中4個(gè)-q和4個(gè)+q,共8個(gè)點(diǎn)電荷分別交替地占據(jù)立方體的8個(gè)角,立方體的中心在原點(diǎn)。 可類似地想象更高階的矩。 |
|
陳老師您好,我想請(qǐng)教一個(gè)相關(guān)的問(wèn)題,關(guān)于核磁共振的四極矩: https://www.chem.wisc.edu/areas/ ... lti-02-effects-quad Quadrupolar Relaxation (QR). This mechanism operates for spin >½ nuclei only, and works well only for nuclei which are not at the center of tetrahedral or octahedral symmetry. Spin ½ nuclei can be considered to have spherical charge distributions, but for spin >½ nuclei the charge distribution has the shape of an oblate or prolate spheroid. Electric field gradients in such molecules exert a torque on the quadrupolar nuclei. Tumbling of the molecule can then initiate transitions among the spin states - there is "friction" between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons, the "quadrupole coupling constant" e2Qqz/h. The effectiveness of this relaxation mechanism is critically dependent on Q. If Q is small (as for 2H and 6Li, both with I = 1) the behaviour almost like that of a spin ½ nucleus (i.e. there is only a small deviation from spherical symmetry), if it is large the nucleus can have very short T1, observation can be very difficult, and spin-spin splitting to the nucleus cannot be observed 核磁的四極矩馳豫現(xiàn)象我可以說(shuō)是知其然而不知其所以然,尤其對(duì)于上文的“spin >½ nuclei the charge distribution has the shape of an oblate or prolate spheroid. Electric field gradients in such molecules exert a torque on the quadrupolar nuclei” 不太理解,能否麻煩您定性地解釋一下? |
| 3 | 1/1 | 返回列表 |
| 最具人氣熱帖推薦 [查看全部] | 作者 | 回/看 | 最后發(fā)表 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
[考研] 一志愿中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué)265求調(diào)劑 +6 | 恬淡ye 2026-03-31 | 7/350 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
[考研] 334求調(diào)劑 +6 | Trying] 2026-03-31 | 6/300 |
|
|
[考研] 福建理工大學(xué)材料學(xué)院先進(jìn)合金團(tuán)隊(duì)招收考研調(diào)劑學(xué)生 +3 | 大華金商都 2026-03-30 | 4/200 |
|
|
[考研] 材料求調(diào)劑 一志愿哈工大總分298分,前三科223分 +10 | dongfang59 2026-03-27 | 10/500 |
|
|
[考研] 297 地理學(xué)070500 復(fù)試求調(diào)劑 +3 | 小圓圈圈ooo 2026-03-30 | 3/150 |
|
|
[考研] 286分調(diào)劑 +10 | Faune 2026-03-30 | 11/550 |
|
|
[考研] 一志愿哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)材料與化工方向336分 +12 | 辰沐5211314 2026-03-26 | 12/600 |
|
|
[考研] 309求調(diào)劑 +15 | 誰(shuí)不是少年 2026-03-29 | 15/750 |
|
|
[考研] 322求調(diào)劑 +10 | 宋明欣 2026-03-27 | 10/500 |
|
|
[考研] 286求調(diào)劑 +5 | Faune 2026-03-30 | 5/250 |
|
|
[考研] 化學(xué)308分調(diào)劑 +7 | 你好明天你好 2026-03-30 | 8/400 |
|
|
[考研] 考研調(diào)劑 +7 | 小蠟新筆 2026-03-29 | 7/350 |
|
|
[考研] 349求調(diào)劑 +6 | 李木子啊哈哈 2026-03-25 | 6/300 |
|
|
[考研] 343求調(diào)劑 +6 | 愛(ài)羈絆 2026-03-29 | 6/300 |
|
|
[考研] 356求調(diào)劑 +4 | gysy?s?a 2026-03-28 | 4/200 |
|
|
[考研] 壓國(guó)家一區(qū)線,求導(dǎo)師收留,有恩必謝! +7 | 迷人的哈哈 2026-03-28 | 7/350 |
|
|
[考研] 305求調(diào)劑 +5 | 哇盧卡庫(kù) 2026-03-26 | 5/250 |
|
|
[考研] 一志愿鄭大085600,310分求調(diào)劑 +5 | 李瀟可 2026-03-26 | 5/250 |
|
|
[考研] 材料求調(diào)劑 +5 | .m.. 2026-03-25 | 5/250 |
|
|
[考研] 網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間安全0839招調(diào)劑 +4 | w320357296 2026-03-25 | 6/300 |
|