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flylove037新蟲 (小有名氣)
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[求助]
PCR高手請(qǐng)進(jìn),小女子有事相求,我剛來金幣不要嫌少啊,我只有這么多啊,全給你了
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【分子生物】EPI帖 |
木蟲 (職業(yè)作家)
哲學(xué)@草根
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Troubleshooting discussion is based on the PCR protocol as described in the table below. All reactions are run for 30 cycles. From Yale University (這個(gè)是我以前做等位特異PCR的時(shí)候參考過,你可以參照問題3 ) 1. I get (many) longer unspecific products. What can I do? 擴(kuò)增出比較長(zhǎng)的非特異性產(chǎn)物? Decrease annealing time減少退火時(shí)間 Increase annealing temperature升高退火溫度 Decrease extension time減少延伸時(shí)間 Decrease extension temperature to 62-68º C降低延伸溫度到62-68º C Increase KCl (buffer) concentration to 1.2x-2x, but keep MgCl2 concentration at 1.5-2mM.增加KCl濃度到1.2-2.0倍,但是保持MgCl2濃度在1.5-2.0mM Increase MgCl2 concentration up to 3-4.5 mM but keep dNTP concentration constant.增加MgCl2濃度到3-4.5 mM,但是保持dNTP濃度不變。 Take less primer減少引物 Take less DNA template減少DNA模板濃度 Take less Taq polymerase少用些Taq酶 If none of the above works: check the primer for repetitive sequences (BLAST align the sequence with the databases) and change the primer(s)如上訴無效果:核對(duì)引物的重復(fù)序列和換引物 Combine some/all of the above 上訴方法靈活使用 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. I get (many) shorter unspecific products. What can I do? 擴(kuò)增出比較短的非特異性產(chǎn)物 Increase annealing temperature升高退火溫度 Increase annealing time增加退火時(shí)間 Increase extension time增加延伸時(shí)間 Increase extension temperature to 74-78º C增加延伸溫度到74-78º C Decrease KCl (buffer) concentration to 0.7-0.8x, but keep MgCl2 concentration at 1.5-2mM減少KCl濃度至0.7-0.8倍,但是保持MgCl2濃度在1.5-2mM Increase MgCl2 concentration up to 3-4.5 mM but keep dNTP concentration constant增加MgCl2濃度到3-4.5 mM但是保持dNTP濃度不變 Take less primer少用引物 Take less DNA template少用模板 Take less Taq polymerase少用酶 If none of the above works: check the primer for repetitive sequences (BLAST align the sequence with the databases) and change the primer(s)同第一問題 Combine some/all of the above -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3. Reaction was working before, but now I can't get any product. 反應(yīng)以前有產(chǎn)物,可是現(xiàn)在不行。 Make sure all PCR ingredients are taken in the reaction (buffer, template, Taq, etc)確保反應(yīng)所有的成分都存在 Change the dNTP solution (very sensitive to cycles of thawing and freezing, especially in multiplex PCR)更換dNTP溶液 If you just bought new primers, check for their reliability (bad primer synthesis ?)新引物要保持其合成的準(zhǔn)確可靠性 Increase primer amount增加引物的量 Increase template amount增加模板的量 Decrease annealing temperature by 6-10º C and check if you get any product. If you don't, check all your PCR ingredients. If you do get products (including unspecific ones) reaction conditions as described above.將退火溫度降低6-10º C后核對(duì)一下是否有產(chǎn)物,如果沒有就確認(rèn)一下PCR反應(yīng)的成分是否都存在。如果能獲得產(chǎn)物(包括非特異性的產(chǎn)物)然后采取上訴方法。 Combine some/all of the above 4. My PCR product is weak. Is there a way to increase the yield? PCR的產(chǎn)物的量很少,怎樣增加產(chǎn)量? -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gradually decrease the annealing temperature to the lowest possible.逐漸降低退火溫度到最大可能 Increase the amount of PCR primer增加引物的量 Increase the amount of DNA template增加模板的量 Increase the amount of Taq polymerase增加酶的量 Change buffer (KCl) concentration (higher if product is lower than 1000bp or lower if product is higher than 1000bp)改變buffer中KCL的濃度(增加如果產(chǎn)物少于1000bp,減少如果大于1000bp) Add adjuvants. Best, use BSA (0.1 to 0.8 µg/µL final concentration). You can also try 5% (v/v, final concentration) DMSO or glycerol.加入輔佐劑。最好用BSA;蛘哂5%的二甲基亞砜 Check primer sequences for mismatches and/or increase the primer length by 5 nucleotides核對(duì)一下一物種錯(cuò)配的,或者增加5個(gè)核苷酸 Combine some/all of the above 5. My two primers have very different melting temperatures (Tm) but I cannot change their locus. What can I do to improve PCR amplification? 兩個(gè)引物的溶解溫度非常不一樣但不能改變基因座。如何改進(jìn)? -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- An easy solution is to increase the length of the primer with low Tm. If you need to keep the size of the product constant, add a few bases at the 3' end. If size is not a concern, add a few bases at either the 3' or the 5' end of that primer.增加低溶解溫度的長(zhǎng)度。 [ Last edited by wanhscn on 2011-9-6 at 22:32 ] |

木蟲 (職業(yè)作家)
哲學(xué)@草根
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優(yōu)化的時(shí)候是怎么優(yōu)化的?是用移液器一個(gè)PCR管一個(gè)PCR管的加反應(yīng)試劑,還是配5-10個(gè)反應(yīng)的反應(yīng)液,然后混合再加;前者單個(gè)加,尤其是酶加不準(zhǔn)。加6微升鎂離子,感覺太多了。 再做一次,注意不能漏加。我看3ul就差不多。 |

木蟲 (正式寫手)
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6ul mg?多大體系?通常我的PCR 20ul的話,是2.5ul ~3 ul之間, 看上去你選那個(gè) 4 ul的就不錯(cuò)啊。 |
| 看不到圖,不知道你鎂離子的濃度是多少6ul的話,一般是25mm的,再加上你的體系可能是25ul的?那終濃度就是6mm,對(duì)于普通PCR來說雖然有點(diǎn)高,但是不至于會(huì)擴(kuò)不出來 |
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