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每周一聽——那些年我們一起練過的聽力（第七期） 已有15人參與
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etin: 回帖置頂 2012-04-13 22:41:38
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感謝大家的支持，第七期活動開始啦，大家快來參加活動領(lǐng)取獎勵吧。如果對本活動感興趣的話，就請收聽我吧，您將第一時間收到本活動的更新情況，呵呵。 第六期活動鏈接：http://www.gaoyang168.com/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=4351522&fpage=1 第六期活動答案： 1、interferes 2、intelligence 3、predict 4、Institute 5、activity 6、high-energy magnetic 7、a more scientific way 8、recognized as poor readers 9、make education a struggle 10、The brain scans measure the extent to which certain parts of the brain become active while the children do the work. 詞匯講解： 1. disorder n. 雜亂；混亂 例句：When returning, he discovered the room in disorder. 回家后, 他發(fā)現(xiàn)屋子里亂七八糟。 2. predict v. 預(yù)言; 預(yù)測; 預(yù)示; 預(yù)告; 預(yù)報 例句：I cannot predict when to meet her again. 我無法預(yù)測什么時候會再見到她。 3. participate v. 參加, 參與 例句：Several experts will participate as technical advisers. 幾位專家將作為技術(shù)顧問參加。 4. identify vt. 認出, 識別 例句：The policeman identified him as the thief. 警察認出他是小偷。 5. overcome vt. 戰(zhàn)勝;克服 例句：The learner of a second language has many obstacles to overcome. 第二語言學(xué)習者有許多障礙要克服。 6. intervention n. 介入, 干涉, 干預(yù) 例句：The government's intervention in this dispute will not help. 政府對這場爭論的干預(yù)不會起作用。 7. measure vt. 量出; 記錄 例句：This is a yardstick for measuring whether a person is really progressive. 這是衡量一個人是否真正進步的標準。 8. extent n. 程度, 限度 例句：What's the extent of the damage? 損壞的程度如何? 9. excellent adj. 優(yōu)秀的, 卓越的, 杰出的 例句：The student was excellent in chemistry. 這個學(xué)生的化學(xué)成績優(yōu)異。 10. majority n. 多數(shù), 大多數(shù); 半數(shù)以上 例句：The majority of his books are kept upstairs. 他的大部分書收藏在樓上。 短語講解： 1. Dyslexia is a problem that interferes with the ability to recognize words and connect sounds with letters when people read. connect with使有關(guān)系 例句：His research work is connected with these experiments. 他的研究工作與這些實驗有聯(lián)系。 2. Dyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligence. relate to同…有…關(guān)系 例句：The unemployment figures are not necessarily related to the rise in prices. 失業(yè)的數(shù)目同物價的上漲并沒有必然的聯(lián)系。 3. Brain scientists are studying whether they can predict which young children may struggle with reading, in order to provide early help. struggle with與…打架, 與…斗爭 例句：We still have to struggle with all kinds of difficulties. 我們?nèi)缘煤透鞣N各樣的困難作斗爭。 in order to為了 例句：We started early in order to arrive before dark. 為了在天黑前到達,我們很早就動身了。 4. Professor Gabrieli says children can differ a lot in their abilities from day to day. differ in在(某方面)不同 例句：These bags differ in size, but not in shape. 這些手提包只是大小不同, 并無形狀之異。 5. And, as Professor Gabrieli points out, poor reading can make education a struggle. point out指出 例句：If I make any mistakes, please point them out. 如果我出了錯, 請指出來。 6. When they go into the scanner, we tell them it is like going into a space rocket. go into進入 例句：They went into the hall together. 他們一道走進大廳。 譯文 Dyslexia is a problem that interferes with the ability to recognize words and connect sounds with letters when people read. People with this learning disorder may also have problems when they write. Dyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligence. The problem involves areas of the brain that process language. 誦讀障礙是指當人們在閱讀時，識別單詞并將文字與語音對應(yīng)的能力受到了干擾的問題。患有這種學(xué)習障礙的人再書寫方面可能也有問題。誦讀障礙與視力或智力無關(guān)，該問題涉及的是大腦中處理語言的區(qū)域。 Brain scientists are studying whether they can predict which young children may struggle with reading, in order to provide early help. John Gabrieli at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is leading a study of five-year-olds in about twenty schools in the Boston area. 為了能盡早提供幫助，腦科學(xué)家正在研究是否可以預(yù)測青少年的誦讀困難問題。麻省理工學(xué)院的John Gabrieli在波士頓地區(qū)的二十來所學(xué)校中領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了一項以5歲孩子為對象的研究。 JOHN GABRIELI: "We partner with schools that have kindergartens. And in this study what we do is, for all the children whose parents permit them to participate, we give them a brief set of paper-and-pencil tests to look at which children appear to be at some risk for struggling to read." JOHN GABRIELI：“我們與有幼兒園的學(xué)校合作。在這項研究中我們要做的是，對所有父母允許參加研究的孩子進行一個簡短的紙筆測試，看誰會表現(xiàn)出誦讀困難的風險�！� So far, fifty of the kindergarteners have been examined in a machine that shows brain activity. The goal is to study five hundred children using fMRI, or functional magnetic resonance imaging. The scanner uses a high-energy magnetic field and radio waves to "look" inside the body. 到目前為止， 50所幼兒園已經(jīng)使用一臺顯示大腦活動的儀器進行了檢查。其目的是通過磁共振成像對500兒童進行研究。這臺腦掃描儀器采用高能量的磁場和無線電波對身體內(nèi)部進行”查看”。 Written tests are not always able to identify dyslexia or other problems. Professor Gabrieli says children can differ a lot in their abilities from day to day. He says brain scans may offer a more scientific way to identify problems. And with reading problems, he says, early identification is important. 筆試并不總是能夠識別誦讀障礙或其它問題。Gabrieli教授稱，兒童的能力每天都會有所不同。他說，大腦掃描可以提供一個更加科學(xué)的方法找出問題所在。而對于誦讀問題，他說，早期確認很重要。 JOHN GABRIELI: "All the literature is that for intervention, behavioral programs, educational programs that help children overcome reading difficulties, the younger the child, the more effective they are." JOHN GABRIELI：“所有的文獻都稱對于幫助孩子克服誦讀困難的干預(yù)、行為程序和教育程序來說，孩子越小越有效�！� Reading problems are not usually identified until a child is in the third or fourth grade. The longer the wait before children are recognized as poor readers, he says, the less these interventions can help. And, as Professor Gabrieli points out, poor reading can make education a struggle. 誦讀困難通常要等到孩子上三、四年級才能確定。孩子被認定為誦讀能力差之前等待的時間越長，他說，能夠做的干預(yù)就越少。而且Gabrieli教授指出，誦讀能力差也會導(dǎo)致學(xué)習困難。 JOHN GABRIELI: "Reading is -- everything. Even math and science have textbooks." JOHN GABRIELI：“誦讀意味著一切。即使是數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)也都有教科書�！� During the brain imaging, the children are given tasks related to reading. They work with letters and sounds of language. The brain scans measure the extent to which certain parts of the brain become active while the children do the work. The neuroscientists say they are pleased with early results from the study, but have a lot more work to do. 在大腦成像過程中，給孩子們閱讀相關(guān)的任務(wù)。他們做字母游戲并讀出該字母發(fā)音。腦掃描會測量孩子們此時大腦特定區(qū)域的活躍程度。神經(jīng)科學(xué)家稱，他們對早期的研究成果表示滿意，但還有很多工作要做。 The children get to take home the pictures of their brain in action. Professor Gabrieli says children who do not want to have a brain scan do not have to. 孩子們可以把這次大腦活動圖像帶回家。Gabrieli教授說，不想做大腦掃描的孩子也不一定要做。 JOHN GABRIELI: "I can tell you that the ones who do want to do it have an excellent experience. Almost all, the vast majority, ask when they can do it again. We treat the entire experience as a game. When they go into the scanner, we tell them it is like going into a space rocket." JOHN GABRIELI：“我可以告訴你，那些想做腦掃描的孩子都有一次好的經(jīng)歷。幾乎絕大多數(shù)人都詢問他們何時可以再做一次。我們把整個過程當作一個游戲。當他們進入到掃描儀器時，我們告訴他們，這就像進入一個太空火箭一樣�！� |
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